{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:06:53Z","timestamp":1793326013142,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Incarcerated women are a minority in the Italian prison population. The lack of prevention and awareness of HIV infection and the lack of access to treatment make the treatment path difficult. Methods: we conducted a multi-center study including incarcerated women living with HIV (WLWH). Results: The study included 85 WLWH with a mean age of 41.7 \u00b1 8.7 years, and 58.8% (50\/85) of them were Italian. Principally, HIV transmission was related to sexual intercourse, 47% of all patients were PWIDs, and 62.5% of them were on opioid substitution therapy (OST). Overall, 56.4% of the included patients had a CD4+ cell count of &gt;500 cells\/mmc. Among the participants, 92.9% were on antiretroviral therapy, 87.3% had treatment before incarceration, and 83.5% were virologically suppressed. Among the 13 non-virally-suppressed patients, 53.8% were unaware of their serological status before incarceration and had started HAART but were still not virologically suppressed; 46.2% (6\/13) had a lack of compliance or had suspended the treatment before incarceration and restarted it after admission. All patients with chronic hepatitis C underwent treatment with direct-acting antivirals and reached a sustained virological response. Conclusions: the detention of these women could represent an occasion for the patients\u2019 healthcare provision and use, and the creation of a gender-specific network can be an effective strategy for reaching this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15020497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T04:07:19Z","timestamp":1676261239000},"page":"497","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Women Living with HIV in Italian Prison Settings: Results from the Gender-Specific ROSE Network"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Rastrelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicina Protetta-Unit of Infectious Diseases, Belcolle Hospital, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7444-1920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vito","family":"Fiore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Disease Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Ranieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penitentiary Infectious Diseases Unit, A.O. Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1085-0442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Pontali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Unit, Galliera Hospital, 16128 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tullio","family":"Prestileo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARNAS, Ospedale Civico-Benfratelli Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Barbarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Ialungo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicina Protetta-Unit of Infectious Diseases, Belcolle Hospital, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Dell\u2019Isola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicina Protetta-Unit of Infectious Diseases, Belcolle Hospital, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8265-5400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"De Vito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Disease Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8784-8463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Bolcato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Legal Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6099-2273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giordano","family":"Madeddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Disease Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7279-3693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulio","family":"Di Mizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medicine, Department of Law, Magna Graecia, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Starnini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicina Protetta-Unit of Infectious Diseases, Belcolle Hospital, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7291-8687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Babudieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Disease Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"},{"name":"Scuola di Formazione Permanente in Medicina e Sanit\u00e0 Penitenziaria Simspe Onlus, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beckwith, C., Castonguay, B.U., Trezza, C., Bazerman, L., Patrick, R., Cates, A., Olsen, H., Kurth, A., Liu, T., and Peterson, J. 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