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We compared them with adenoviral vectors (AdV), which are used in neuro-oncology, but for which there is pre-existing immunity. We constructed BVs and AdVs encoding fluorescent reporter proteins and evaluated their transduction efficiency in glioma cells and astrocytes. Na\u00efve and glioma-bearing mice were intracranially injected with BVs to assess transduction and neuropathology. Transgene expression was also assessed in the brain of BV-preimmunized mice. While the expression of BVs was weaker than AdVs in murine and human glioma cell lines, BV-mediated transgene expression in patient-derived glioma cells was similar to AdV-mediated transduction and showed strong correlation with clathrin expression, a protein that interacts with the baculovirus glycoprotein GP64, mediating BV endocytosis. BVs efficiently transduced normal and neoplastic astrocytes in vivo, without apparent neurotoxicity. BV-mediated transgene expression was stable for at least 21 days in the brain of na\u00efve mice, but it was significantly reduced after 7 days in mice systemically preimmunized with BVs. Our findings indicate that BVs efficiently transduce glioma cells and astrocytes without apparent neurotoxicity. Since humans do not present pre-existing immunity against BVs, these vectors may constitute a valuable tool for the delivery of therapeutic genes into the brain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15030608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T03:25:56Z","timestamp":1677122756000},"page":"608","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Evaluation of Baculoviruses as Gene Therapy Vectors for Brain Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mat\u00edas","family":"Garcia Fallit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina"},{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Biol\u00f3gica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1428BFA, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8606-021X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mat\u00edas L.","family":"Pidre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda y Biolog\u00eda Molecular (IBBM, UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonela S.","family":"Asad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3470-7824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge A.","family":"Pe\u00f1a Agudelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariana B.","family":"Vera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Celular e Histolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandro J.","family":"Nicola Candia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofia B.","family":"Sagripanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8155-9613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie","family":"P\u00e9rez Kuper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leslie C.","family":"Amor\u00f3s Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda y Biolog\u00eda Molecular (IBBM, UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abril","family":"Marchesini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biotecnolog\u00eda y Biolog\u00eda Molecular (IBBM, UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nazareno","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo 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Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"v1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noac202","article-title":"CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2015\u20132019","volume":"24","author":"Ostrom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuro. 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