{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:00:28Z","timestamp":1787166028850,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ARS base fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Marek\u2019s disease virus (MDV), a highly cell-associated oncogenic \u03b1-herpesvirus, is the etiological agent of T cell lymphomas and neuropathic disease in chickens known as Marek\u2019s disease (MD). Clinical signs of MD include neurological disorders, immunosuppression, and lymphoproliferative lymphomas in viscera, peripheral nerves, and skin. Although vaccination has greatly reduced the economic losses from MD, the molecular mechanism of vaccine-induced protection is largely unknown. To shed light on the possible role of T cells in immunity induced by vaccination, we vaccinated birds after the depletion of circulating T cells through the IP\/IV injection of anti-chicken CD4 and CD8 monoclonal antibodies, and challenged them post-vaccination after the recovery of T cell populations post-treatment. There were no clinical signs or tumor development in vaccinated\/challenged birds with depleted CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. The vaccinated birds with a combined depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, however, were severely emaciated, with atrophied spleens and bursas. These birds were also tumor-free at termination, with no virus particles detected in the collected tissues. Our data indicated that CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes did not play a critical role in vaccine-mediated protection against MDV-induced tumor development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15030648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T06:09:52Z","timestamp":1677564592000},"page":"648","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Role of T Cells in Vaccine-Mediated Immunity against Marek\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Heidari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory, Agriculture Research Service, Department of Agriculture, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4896-2391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huanmin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory, Agriculture Research Service, Department of Agriculture, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2023-5010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lakshmi T","family":"Sunkara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemson Veterinary Diagnostic Center, Clemson University, Columbia, SC 29229, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6036-6467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Mudasir","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Srinagar 190006, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.2307\/1590330","article-title":"Field trials with a bivalent vaccine (HVT and SB-1) against Marek\u2019s disease","volume":"27","author":"Calnek","year":"1983","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"Pathogenesis of Marek\u2019s disease virus infection","volume":"255","author":"Calnek","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. 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