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MAYV introduction in urban areas is a public health concern as infections can cause severe symptoms similar to other alphaviruses. Studies with Aedes aegypti have demonstrated the potential vector competence of the species and the detection of MAYV in urban populations of mosquitoes. Considering the two most abundant urban mosquito species in Brazil, we investigated the dynamics of MAYV transmission by Ae. aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus in a mice model. Mosquito colonies were artificially fed with blood containing MAYV and infection (IR) and dissemination rates (DR) were evaluated. On the 7th day post-infection (dpi), IFNAR BL\/6 mice were made available as a blood source to both mosquito species. After the appearance of clinical signs of infection, a second blood feeding was performed with a new group of non-infected mosquitoes. RT-qPCR and plaque assays were carried out with animal and mosquito tissues to determine IR and DR. For Ae. aegypti, we found an IR of 97.5\u2013100% and a DR reached 100% in both 7 and 14 dpi. While IR and DR for Cx. quinquefasciatus was 13.1\u201314.81% and 60% to 80%, respectively. A total of 18 mice were used (test = 12 and control = 6) for Ae. aegypti and 12 (test = 8 and control = 4) for Cx. quinquefasciatus to evaluate the mosquito\u2013mice transmission rate. All mice that were bitten by infected Ae. aegypti showed clinical signs of infection while all mice exposed to infected Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes remained healthy. Viremia in the mice from Ae. aegypti group ranged from 2.5 \u00d7 108 to 5 \u00d7 109 PFU\/mL. Ae. aegypti from the second blood feeding showed a 50% IR. Our study showed the applicability of an efficient model to complete arbovirus transmission cycle studies and suggests that the Ae. aegypti population evaluated is a competent vector for MAYV, while highlighting the vectorial capacity of Ae. aegypti and the possible introduction into urban areas. The mice model employed here is an important tool for arthropod\u2013vector transmission studies with laboratory and field mosquito populations, as well as with other arboviruses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15030799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T07:30:26Z","timestamp":1679383826000},"page":"799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Dynamic of Mayaro Virus Transmission in Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitoes, and a Mice Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Larissa","family":"Krokovsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S\/N, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Ralph Batista","family":"Lins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biot\u00e9rio de Cria\u00e7\u00e3o, Instituto Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S\/N, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duschinka Ribeiro Duarte","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S\/N, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1419-5713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel da Luz","family":"Wallau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S\/N, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Const\u00e2ncia Fl\u00e1via Junqueira","family":"Ayres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S\/N, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Henrique Santos","family":"Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalh\u00e3es, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S\/N, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universit\u00e1ria, Recife 50740-465, PE, Brazil"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Ci\u00eancias da Vida, Centro Acad\u00eamico do Agreste, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Rodovia BR-104, km 59-Nova Caruaru, Caruaru 55002-970, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1957.6.1012","article-title":"Mayaro Virus: A New Human Disease Agent. II. 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