{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T21:10:54Z","timestamp":1790716254518,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U21A20260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U21A20260"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["232300421009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["232300421009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022ZC65"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZC65"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BBS\/OS\/NW\/000007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/OS\/NW\/000007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","award":["U21A20260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U21A20260"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","award":["232300421009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["232300421009"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","award":["2022ZC65"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZC65"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","award":["BBS\/OS\/NW\/000007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/OS\/NW\/000007"]}]},{"name":"Independent Innovation Project of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences","award":["U21A20260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U21A20260"]}]},{"name":"Independent Innovation Project of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences","award":["232300421009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["232300421009"]}]},{"name":"Independent Innovation Project of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences","award":["2022ZC65"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZC65"]}]},{"name":"Independent Innovation Project of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences","award":["BBS\/OS\/NW\/000007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/OS\/NW\/000007"]}]},{"name":"BBSRC Newton Fund Joint Centre Awards on \u201cUK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases\u201d","award":["U21A20260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U21A20260"]}]},{"name":"BBSRC Newton Fund Joint Centre Awards on \u201cUK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases\u201d","award":["232300421009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["232300421009"]}]},{"name":"BBSRC Newton Fund Joint Centre Awards on \u201cUK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases\u201d","award":["2022ZC65"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZC65"]}]},{"name":"BBSRC Newton Fund Joint Centre Awards on \u201cUK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases\u201d","award":["BBS\/OS\/NW\/000007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/OS\/NW\/000007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Marek\u2019s disease (MD) caused by pathogenic Marek\u2019s disease virus type 1 (MDV\u22121) is one of the most important neoplastic diseases of poultry. MDV\u22121-encoded unique Meq protein is the major oncoprotein and the availability of Meq-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is crucial for revealing MDV pathogenesis\/oncogenesis. Using synthesized polypeptides from conserved hydrophilic regions of the Meq protein as immunogens, together with hybridoma technology and primary screening by cross immunofluorescence assay (IFA) on Meq-deleted MDV\u22121 viruses generated by CRISPR\/Cas9-gene editing, a total of five positive hybridomas were generated. Four of these hybridomas, namely 2A9, 5A7, 7F9 and 8G11, were further confirmed to secrete specific antibodies against Meq as confirmed by the IFA staining of 293T cells overexpressing Meq. Confocal microscopic analysis of cells stained with these antibodies confirmed the nuclear localization of Meq in MDV-infected CEF cells and MDV-transformed MSB-1 cells. Furthermore, two mAb hybridoma clones, 2A9-B12 and 8G11-B2 derived from 2A9 and 8G11, respectively, displayed high specificity for Meq proteins of MDV\u22121 strains with diverse virulence. Our data presented here, using synthesized polypeptide immunization combined with cross IFA staining on CRISPR\/Cas9 gene-edited viruses, has provided a new efficient approach for future generation of specific mAbs against viral proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15040817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T05:19:24Z","timestamp":1679548764000},"page":"817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Efficient Cross-Screening and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies against Marek\u2019s Disease Specific Meq Oncoprotein Using CRISPR\/Cas9-Gene-Edited Viruses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2784-4169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Man","family":"Teng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Ling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu-Ping","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2019-3949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongxiu","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pirbright Institute & UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford GU24 0NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8255-516X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Venugopal","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pirbright Institute & UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Pirbright, Ash Road, Guildford GU24 0NF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gai-Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7351-8180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1637\/11525-110216-Reg.1","article-title":"Industry-wide surveillance of Marek\u2019s disease virus on commercial poultry farms","volume":"61","author":"Kennedy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"001673","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001673","article-title":"ICTV virus taxonomy profile: Herpesviridae 2021","volume":"102","author":"Gatherer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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