{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T19:59:53Z","timestamp":1784231993702,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","award":["398066876\/GRK 2485\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["398066876\/GRK 2485\/1"]}]},{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","award":["491094227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["491094227"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In poultry, several respiratory viral infections lead to a drop in egg production associated with high economic losses. While the virus\u2013host interactions at the respiratory epithelium are well studied, less is known about these interactions in the oviduct. To investigate possible differences between virus infections at these epithelial structures, we compared the interactions of two important poultry viruses on turkey organ cultures. Two members of the order Mononegavirales, the Avian Metapneumovirus (AMPV) and the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), were selected to conduct the in vitro experiments since these viruses can infect both the trachea and oviduct. In addition, we used different strains of these viruses, a subtype A and a subtype B strain for AMPV and the NDV strains Komarow and Herts\u201933, to detect possible differences not only between the tissues but also between different viral strains. Turkey tracheal and oviduct organ cultures (TOC and OOC) were prepared to investigate viral replication, antigen localisation, lesion development, and the expression pattern of interferon-\u03bb and importin-\u03b1 isoforms. All viruses replicated more efficiently in the oviduct than in the tracheal epithelium (p &lt; 0.05). In addition, we observed higher expression levels of both, IFN-\u03bb and importin-\u03b1 in OOCs compared to TOCs. Our results indicated strain-dependent differences, with the AMPV-B- and Herts\u201933 strains being more virulent in organ cultures than the AMPV-A- and Komarow strains, based on the higher viral genome loads, more severe histological lesions, and higher upregulation of IFN-\u03bb. Overall, our findings reveal tissue- and virus strain-dependent differences, which may have consequences for disease development in the host tissue and, subsequently, possible treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15040907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T10:19:33Z","timestamp":1680257973000},"page":"907","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["In Vitro Investigation of the Interaction of Avian Metapneumovirus and Newcastle Disease Virus with Turkey Respiratory and Reproductive Tissue"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Frederik","family":"Bexter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"R\u00fcger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5608-8166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hicham","family":"Sid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Biotechnology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Herbst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fclsah","family":"Gabriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Viral Zoonoses\u2014One Health, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6535-3497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert","family":"Osterhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8177-3755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silke","family":"Rautenschlein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2006.12.001","article-title":"Induction of local and systemic immune reactions following infection of turkeys with avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) subtypes A and B","volume":"115","author":"Liman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. 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