{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:06:21Z","timestamp":1760148381133,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"SEP-CONACYT","award":["288942","IN203522","CI2216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["288942","IN203522","CI2216"]}]},{"name":"CENID-Microbiolog\u00eda INIFAP M\u00e9xico","award":["288942","IN203522","CI2216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["288942","IN203522","CI2216"]}]},{"name":"PAPIIT","award":["288942","IN203522","CI2216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["288942","IN203522","CI2216"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emergent swine coronavirus which infects cells from the small intestine and induces watery diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration, causing mortality in piglets (&gt;40%). The aim of this study was to evaluate the antigenicity and immunogenicity of the recombinant membrane protein (M) of PDCoV (rM-PDCoV), which was developed from a synthetic gene obtained after an in silico analysis with a group of 138 GenBank sequences. A 3D model and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the highly conserved M protein structure. Therefore, the synthetic gene was successfully cloned in a pETSUMO vector and transformed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The rM-PDCoV was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot with ~37.7 kDa. The rM-PDCoV immunogenicity was evaluated in immunized (BLAB\/c) mice and iELISA. The data showed increased antibodies from 7 days until 28 days (p &lt; 0.001). The rM-PDCoV antigenicity was analyzed using pig sera samples from three states located in \u201cEl Baj\u00edo\u201d Mexico and positive sera were determined. Our results show that PDCoV has continued circulating on pig farms in Mexico since the first report in 2019; therefore, the impact of PDCoV on the swine industry could be higher than reported in other studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15051049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T01:16:25Z","timestamp":1682471785000},"page":"1049","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Candidate Antigen of the Recombinant Membrane Protein Derived from the Porcine Deltacoronavirus Synthetic Gene to Detect Seropositive Pigs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Francisco Jesus","family":"Casta\u00f1eda-Montes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agr\u00edcolas y Pecuarias, Km 15.5 Carretera M\u00e9xico-Toluca, Palo Alto, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 05110, Mexico"},{"name":"Posgrado en Ciencias de la Producci\u00f3n y de la Salud Animal, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitl\u00e1n, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Cerrite\u00f1o-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agr\u00edcolas y Pecuarias, Km 15.5 Carretera M\u00e9xico-Toluca, Palo Alto, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 05110, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Azucena","family":"Casta\u00f1eda-Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agr\u00edcolas y Pecuarias, Km 15.5 Carretera M\u00e9xico-Toluca, Palo Alto, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 05110, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julieta Sandra","family":"Cuevas-Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agr\u00edcolas y Pecuarias, Km 15.5 Carretera M\u00e9xico-Toluca, Palo Alto, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 05110, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Mendoza-Elvira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Posgrado en Ciencias de la Producci\u00f3n y de la Salud Animal, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitl\u00e1n, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3995","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06540-11","article-title":"Discovery of seven novel Mammalian and avian coronaviruses in the genus deltacoronavirus supports bat coronaviruses as the gene source of alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus and avian coronaviruses as the gene source of gammacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus","volume":"86","author":"Woo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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