{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:06:23Z","timestamp":1791835583264,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In 2020, a new coronavirus, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in China. SARS-CoV-2 infection has been shown to be highly morbid in pregnant women, being a risk factor for several obstetric conditions leading to increased maternal and neonatal mortality. A few studies since 2020 have shown SARS-CoV-2 maternal\u2013fetal transmission and noted placental abnormalities grouped under the term placentitis. We hypothesized that these placental lesions could be responsible for abnormalities in placental exchange and therefore abnormalities in cardiotocographic monitoring, leading to premature fetal extraction. The objective is to identify the clinical, biochemical, and histological determinants associated with the occurrence of non-reassuring fetal heart rate (NRFHR) outside labor in fetuses of SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers. We conducted a retrospective multicenter case series of the natural history of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infections resulting in fetal delivery outside labor due to NRFHR. Collaboration was sought with the maternity hospitals in the CEGORIF, the APHP and Brussels hospitals. The investigators were contacted by e-mail on three successive occasions over a period of one year. Data from 17 mothers and 17 fetuses were analyzed. Most women had a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection; only two women presented severe infection. No woman was vaccinated. We found a substantial proportion of maternal coagulopathy at birth: elevation of APTT ratio (62%), thrombocytopenia (41%) and liver cytolysis (58.3%). Iatrogenic prematurity was noted in 15 of 17 fetuses, and 100% were born by cesarean delivery due to emergency criteria. One male neonate died on the day of birth due to peripartum asphyxia. Three cases of maternal\u2013fetal transmission were recorded following WHO criteria. Placental analysis in 15 cases revealed eight cases of SARS-CoV-2 placentitis, causing placental insufficiency. In total, 100% of the placentas analyzed showed at least one lesion suggestive of placentitis. SARS-CoV-2 maternal infection during pregnancy is likely to generate neonatal morbidity in relation to placental damage resulting in placental insufficiency. This morbidity may be the consequence of induced prematurity as well as acidosis in the most severe situations. Placental damage occurred in unvaccinated women and in women with no identified risk factor, in contrast to severe maternal clinical forms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15051069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T01:33:40Z","timestamp":1682645620000},"page":"1069","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Unvaccinated Pregnant Women: Non-Reassuring Fetal Heart Rate Tracing Because of Placentitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3499-3789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Claudet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cAntoine B\u00e9cl\u00e8re\u201d Hospital, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"De Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, \u201cAntoine B\u00e9cl\u00e8re\u201d Hospital, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9076-9133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elie","family":"Mosnino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cAntoine B\u00e9cl\u00e8re\u201d Hospital, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00e9mie","family":"Mattern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cAntoine B\u00e9cl\u00e8re\u201d Hospital, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Picone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cLouis Mourier\u201d Hospital, Paris Nord Val de Seine University, APHP, 75000 Paris, France"},{"name":"Inserm IAME 1137, 75000 Paris, France"},{"name":"GRIG: Groupe de Recherche sur les Infections en cours de Grossesse, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanne","family":"Sibiude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cLouis Mourier\u201d Hospital, Paris Nord Val de Seine University, APHP, 75000 Paris, France"},{"name":"Inserm IAME 1137, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Estelle","family":"Wafo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cMarne La Vall\u00e9e\u201d Hospital, 77600 Jossigny, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vassilis","family":"Tsatsaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cPort Royal\u201d Hospital, Paris Centre University Hospitals, APHP, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilie","family":"Giral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cAndr\u00e9 Gr\u00e9goire\u201d Hospital, 93100 Montreuil, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ir\u00e8ne","family":"Grefenstette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cCentre Hospitalier des Quatre Villes\u201d, 92064 Saint Cloud, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7064-6008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Carrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cAntoine B\u00e9cl\u00e8re\u201d Hospital, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5251-6023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominique","family":"Badr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cUniversity Hospital Brugmann\u201d, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Saint-Frison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Foetopathology, \u201cRobert Debr\u00e9\u201d Hospital, APHP, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Prevot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology, \u201cBicetre\u201d Hospital, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6045-0765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Benachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cAntoine B\u00e9cl\u00e8re\u201d Hospital, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4921-0047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre","family":"Vivanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cAntoine B\u00e9cl\u00e8re\u201d Hospital, Paris Saclay University Hospitals, APHP, 75000 Paris, France"},{"name":"GRIG: Groupe de Recherche sur les Infections en cours de Grossesse, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2535","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2710.211394","article-title":"Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and Pregnancy Outcomes According to Gestational Age at Time of Infection","volume":"27","author":"Badr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerg. 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