{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:01:29Z","timestamp":1792008089460,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Technical Cooperation Agreement between the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-EMBRAPA and the Brazilian Animal Protein Association-ABPA","award":["21202.001210\/2022-32"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21202.001210\/2022-32"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>IBV variants belonging to the GI-23 lineage have circulated since 1998 in the Middle East and have spread to several countries over time. In Brazil, the first report of GI-23 occurred in 2022. The study aimed to evaluate the in vivo pathogenicity of exotic variant GI-23 isolates. Biological samples were screening by real-time RT-PCR and classified in to GI-1 or G1-11 lineages. Interestingly, 47.77% were not classified in these lineages. Nine of the unclassified strains were sequenced and showed a high similarity to the GI-23 strain. All nine were isolated and three, were studied for pathogenicity. At necropsy, the main observations were the presence of mucus in the trachea and congestion in the tracheal mucosa. In addition, lesions on the tracheas showed marked ciliostasis, and the ciliary activity confirmed the high pathogenicity of isolates. This variant is highly pathogenic to the upper respiratory tract and can cause severe kidney lesions. This study confirm a circulation of GI-23 strain in the country and report, to first time, the isolation of an exotic variant of IBV in Brazil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15051200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T09:23:10Z","timestamp":1684488190000},"page":"1200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Pathogenicity of GI-23 Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus Strain Isolated in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5762-6432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iara Maria","family":"Trevisol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Su\u00ednos e Aves, Concordia 89715-899, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8489-6734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luizinho","family":"Caron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Su\u00ednos e Aves, Concordia 89715-899, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos Ant\u00f4nio Zanella","family":"Mores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Su\u00ednos e Aves, Concordia 89715-899, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8112-3755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daiane","family":"Voss-Rech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Su\u00ednos e Aves, Concordia 89715-899, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"da Silva Zani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Preventive, Faculty of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96010-900, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Back","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MercoLab Laborat\u00f3rios, Cascavel 85816-280, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge Augusto Petroli","family":"Marchesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MercoLab Laborat\u00f3rios, Cascavel 85816-280, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1634-7071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Augusto","family":"Esteves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Su\u00ednos e Aves, Concordia 89715-899, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1637\/10227-043012-Review.1","article-title":"Review of infectious bronchitis virus around the world","volume":"56","author":"Jackwood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Organisation for Animal Health\u2014WOAH (2023, March 25). 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