{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:11:21Z","timestamp":1760148681029,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC) in the Ministry of National Guard\u2014Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","award":["NRC22R\/087\/02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRC22R\/087\/02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) insufficiency is a common enzymatic defect worldwide; it affects over 400 million people and is associated with various disorders. Recent research suggests that G6PD-deficient cells are susceptible to infection by human coronaviruses, as the G6PD enzyme is involved in the metabolism of oxidative stress, which may enhance COVID-19 mortality. This retrospective study aimed to examine the effect of COVID-19 on patients with G6PD deficiency by comparing the laboratory parameters of patients with G6PD enzyme deficiency alone, COVID-19 alone, and those with both COVID-19 and G6PD enzyme deficiency treated at a major Saudi tertiary center. The results indicated significant differences in hematological and biochemical parameters between the three patient groups, indicating that COVID-19 may influence these parameters, and that they could be used to measure the severity of COVID-19 disease. Moreover, this study suggests that patients with G6PD enzyme deficiency may be at higher risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes. Although the study is limited by the lack of a random selection method for group membership, the Kruskal\u2013Wallis H-test was used to statistical assess the data. The study\u2019s findings can enhance the understanding of the relation between COVID-19 infected and G6PD-deficiency patients and inform clinical decision making for an improved patient outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15061224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T10:51:56Z","timestamp":1684839116000},"page":"1224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Risk Factors for Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase and COVID-19 Disease\u2014A Retrospective Study at a Major Saudi Tertiary Center"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Badi A.","family":"Alotaibi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jehad A.","family":"Aldali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8588-0921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamzah J.","family":"Aldali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Medicine, College of Biomedical Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8717-9458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glowi A.","family":"Alasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emadeldin M.","family":"Elsokkary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychology, Organisation, Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Areej","family":"Al Mugairi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematopathology Division, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulaziz M.","family":"Almuqrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Collage of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"Murray, K., Rodwell, V., Bender, D., Botham, K.M., Weil, P.A., and Kennelly, P.J. 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