{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T14:56:04Z","timestamp":1778770564382,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Experimental Units of the Horia Cernescu Research Unit","award":["4833"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4833"]}]},{"name":"Experimental Units of the Horia Cernescu Research Unit","award":["6PFE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6PFE"]}]},{"name":"University of Life Sciences \u201cKing Michael I\u201d","award":["4833"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4833"]}]},{"name":"University of Life Sciences \u201cKing Michael I\u201d","award":["6PFE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6PFE"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Canine morbillivirus, also known as canine distemper virus (CDV), is the causative agent of canine distemper (CD), which is a serious contagious disease of canines, large felids, and, occasionally, raccoons. This study included seven raccoons from the Timisoara Zoological Garden, Romania. CDV was detected using RT-qPCR on blood samples, but several other exams were also performed\u2014clinical, bacteriological, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and histopathology, toxicological screening, and necropsy\u2014which confirmed CDV infection. Severe digestive disorders (diarrhea and frequent hematemesis) were observed. The necropsy findings included pseudo membranous gastroenteritis, congestion, and pulmonary edema in two raccoons. Immunohistochemistry showed immunolabeled CDV antigenantibodies on the viral nucleocapsid. Histopathology revealed lymphocyte depletion in mesenteric lymphnodes and intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions in the enterocytes of the small intestine. Based on the RT-qPCR assay, laboratory tests, and the lesions observed, it was established that the raccoons were infected with CDV, which was the cause of death in two cases. The results from the necropsy, histology, and immunohistochemistry in the raccoons are comparable with reported CDV lesions in dogs. In conclusion, several exams may be performed to establish the etiology of possible interspecific viral infection, but only very specific exams can identify aCDV infection. Laboratory analyses must be completed by RT-qPCR assay or IHC to establish infection with uncommon viruses in raccoons with high accuracy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15071536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]],"date-time":"2023-07-13T01:43:22Z","timestamp":1689212602000},"page":"1536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Unusual Canine Distemper Virus Infection in Captive Raccoons (Procyon lotor)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Adrian Constantin","family":"Stancu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Horia Cernescu Research Unit, University of Life Sciences \u201cKing Michael I\u201d, 300645 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Octavian Sorin","family":"Voia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Animal Resources Bioengineering, University of Life Sciences \u201cKing Michael I\u201d, 300645 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9335-4462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oana Maria","family":"Boldura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Horia Cernescu Research Unit, University of Life Sciences \u201cKing Michael I\u201d, 300645 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9519-8122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sorin Aurelian","family":"Pasca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, 700506 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1153-6498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iasmina","family":"Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Horia Cernescu Research Unit, University of Life Sciences \u201cKing Michael I\u201d, 300645 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7197-6682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anca Sofiana","family":"Hulea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Horia Cernescu Research Unit, University of Life Sciences \u201cKing Michael I\u201d, 300645 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oana Roxana","family":"Ivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Letters, West University, 300223 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alina Andreea","family":"Dragoescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences \u201cKing Michael I\u201d, 300645 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bianca Cornelia","family":"Lungu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Horia Cernescu Research Unit, University of Life Sciences \u201cKing Michael I\u201d, 300645 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0594-2852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioan","family":"Hutu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Horia Cernescu Research Unit, University of Life Sciences \u201cKing Michael I\u201d, 300645 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638711416851","article-title":"Pathology of neurologic disorders of raccoons (Procyon lotor)","volume":"23","author":"Hamir","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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