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Investigator","award":["APP1102587"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1102587"]}]},{"name":"NHMRC Investigator","award":["APP 1120215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP 1120215"]}]},{"name":"NHMRC Investigator","award":["APP1159491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1159491"]}]},{"name":"NHMRC Investigator","award":["ECF181561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECF181561"]}]},{"name":"NHMRC Investigator","award":["APP1176651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1176651"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aims to describe the natural history of and identify the risk factors associated with oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in an Australian Indigenous cohort. A longitudinal cohort study design, with baseline (2018), 12-month, and 24-month data obtained from Indigenous Australians aged 18+ years in South Australia, was performed. Face-to-face interviews were conducted, and saliva samples for HPV testing were collected at each time point. Basic descriptive analyses were conducted to calculate prevalence, incidence, persistence, clearance, and incidence proportions of any HPV infection. Multivariable logistic regression analyses with adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) were conducted to identify risk factors associated with oral HPV infection. Among 993 participants with valid saliva samples, 44 HPV types were identified. The prevalence of infection with any oral HPV infection was 51.3%, high-risk HPV was 11%, and types implicated in Heck\u2019s disease (HPV 13 or 32) was 37.4%. The incidence, persistence, and clearance of any and high-risk HPV infections were 30.7%, 11.8% and 33.3% vs. 9.3%, 2.8%, and 9%, respectively. Our findings indicate that the prevalence, incidence, and persistence of oral HPV infection in a large sample of Indigenous Australians were high, and clearance was low. Oral sex behaviours and recreational drug use were risk factors associated with incident high-risk HPV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15071573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T00:47:38Z","timestamp":1689727658000},"page":"1573","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Natural History of Oral HPV Infection among Indigenous South Australians"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4759-3918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangqun","family":"Ju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3571-5298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sneha","family":"Sethi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7383-8416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annika","family":"Antonsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Hedges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Canfell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0401-2653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5065-5716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gail","family":"Garvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9331-1814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard M.","family":"Logan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Jamieson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30227-2","article-title":"Early detection of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer","volume":"393","author":"Lechner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.23942","article-title":"Rising prevalence of human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal cancer in Australia over the last 2 decades","volume":"38","author":"Hong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2015.01.010","article-title":"Human papillomavirus status and p16(INK4A) expression in patients with mucosal squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in Queensland, Australia","volume":"39","author":"Antonsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70096-8","article-title":"WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer Monograph Working Group. 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