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Methods: This is a cohort study of 70 cases of COVID-19, confirmed by RT-PCR, followed up to 60 days. Plasma Samples and clinical data were. Viral load, blood count, indicators inflammation were the parameters evaluated. Cellular immune response was evaluated by flow cytometry and Luminex immunoassays. Results: In the severe group, hypertension was the only reported comorbidity. Non severe patients have activated memory naive CD4+ T cells. Critically ill patients have central memory CD4+ T cell activation. Severe COVID-19 patients have both central memory and activated effector CD8+ T cells. Non-severe COVID-19 cases showed an increase in IL1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF and severely ill patients had higher levels of the cytokines IL-6, IL-10 and CXCL8. Conclusions: The present work showed that different cellular responses are observed according to the COVID-19 severity in patients from Brazil an epicenter the pandemic in South America. Also, we notice that some cytokines can be used as predictive markers for the disease outcome, possibility implementation of strategies effective by health managers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15071609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]],"date-time":"2023-07-24T00:57:30Z","timestamp":1690160250000},"page":"1609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical Profile of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Mechanisms of the Cellular Immune Response and Immunogenetic Markers in Patients from Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Quality Assurance Department, Bio-Manguinhos\u2013Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosane","family":"Cuber Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vice Director of Quality, Bio-Manguinhos\u2013Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0931-4204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielly","family":"Corr\u00eaa-Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Taxonomy, Biochemistry and Bioprospecting of Fungi, Oswaldo Cruz Institute\u2013Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-250, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos Eduardo","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UERJ-Universitary Hospital Pedro Ernesto, Outpatient Vascular Surgery, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UERJ-Universitary Hospital Pedro Ernesto, Outpatient Vascular Surgery, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Guttmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Municial Health Secretary of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20211-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gisela Freitas","family":"Trindade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virologic Tecnology, Bio-Manguinhos\u2013Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0673-6583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana Fernandes Amorim","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virologic Tecnology, Bio-Manguinhos\u2013Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula Dinis","family":"Ano Bom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Imunologic Tecnology, Bio-Manguinhos\u2013Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"de Lourdes Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic Assessory, Bio-Manguinhos\u2013Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0087-6531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana Gil","family":"Melga\u00e7o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Imunologic Tecnology, Bio-Manguinhos\u2013Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4047-2091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamiris Azamor","family":"da Costa Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Imunologic Tecnology, Bio-Manguinhos\u2013Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, 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