{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T22:12:13Z","timestamp":1792620733723,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,30]],"date-time":"2023-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There is a significant need for highly effective vaccines against emerging and common veterinary infectious diseases. Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV2) vectors allow rapid development of multiple vaccines and have demonstrated their potential in animal models. In this study, we compared the immunogenicity of a non-replicating CAV2 vector encoding the rabies virus glycoprotein with and without MontanideTM ISA 201 VG, an oil-based adjuvant. All vaccinated mice rapidly achieved rabies seroconversion, which was associated with complete vaccine protection. The adjuvant increased rabies antibody titers without any significant effect on the anti-CAV2 serological responses. An RT2 Profiler\u2122 PCR array was conducted to identify host antiviral genes modulated in the blood samples 24 h after vaccination. Functional analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed the up-regulation of the RIG-I, TLRs, NLRs, and IFNs signaling pathways. These results demonstrate that a water-in-oil-in-water adjuvant can shape the immune responses to an antigen encoded by an adenovirus, thereby enhancing the protection conferred by live recombinant vaccines. The characterization of early vaccine responses provides a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of CAV2-vectored vaccines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15081664","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T01:28:46Z","timestamp":1690766926000},"page":"1664","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An Oil-Based Adjuvant Improves Immune Responses Induced by Canine Adenovirus-Vectored Vaccine in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7641-036X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manon","family":"Broutin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR Virologie, INRAE, ANSES, EnvA, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France"},{"name":"SEPPIC Paris La D\u00e9fense, 92250 La Garenne Colombes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fleur","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR Virologie, INRAE, ANSES, EnvA, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandy","family":"Peltier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SEPPIC Paris La D\u00e9fense, 92250 La Garenne Colombes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Maye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SEPPIC Paris La D\u00e9fense, 92250 La Garenne Colombes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Versill\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SEPPIC Paris La D\u00e9fense, 92250 La Garenne Colombes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Klonjkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR Virologie, INRAE, ANSES, EnvA, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00909","article-title":"Factors Which Contribute to the Immunogenicity of Non-Replicating Adenoviral Vectored Vaccines","volume":"11","author":"Coughlan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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