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Specifically in Equatorial Guinea, mirroring the situation in other African countries, unique zoonotic outbreaks have occurred during this challenging period. One notable resurgence is Marburg virus disease (MVD), which has further burdened the already fragile healthcare system. The re-emergence of the Marburg virus amid the COVID-19 pandemic is believed to stem from a probable zoonotic spill-over, although the precise transmission routes remain uncertain. Given the gravity of the situation, addressing the existing challenges is paramount. Though the genome sequences from the current outbreak were not available for this study, we analyzed all the available whole genome sequences of this re-emerging pathogen to advocate for a shift towards active surveillance. This is essential to ensure the successful containment of any potential Marburg virus outbreak in Equatorial Guinea and the wider African context. This study, which presents an update on the phylodynamics and the genetic variability of MARV, further confirmed the existence of at least two distinct patterns of viral spread. One pattern demonstrates a slower but continuous and recurring virus circulation, while the other exhibits a faster yet limited and episodic spread. These results highlight the critical need to strengthen genomic surveillance in the region to effectively curb the pathogen\u2019s dissemination. Moreover, the study emphasizes the importance of prompt alert management, comprehensive case investigation and analysis, contact tracing, and active case searching. These steps are vital to support the healthcare system\u2019s response to this emerging health crisis. By implementing these strategies, we can better arm ourselves against the challenges posed by the resurgence of the Marburg virus and other infectious diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15081721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T10:20:16Z","timestamp":1691749216000},"page":"1721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Update on the Phylodynamic and Genetic Variability of Marburg Virus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3501-714X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Scarpa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8305-2327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana","family":"Bazzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5849-7326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Giovanetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Instituto Rene Rachou, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-009, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Ciccozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Benedetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Virlogy and Global Virusn Network Center, Deparment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University for Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Zella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Virlogy and Global Virusn Network Center, Deparment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University for Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3058-4663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daria","family":"Sanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5042-4851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Casu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5401-135X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"Borsetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National HIV\/AIDS Research Center (CNAIDS), National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7870-9744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Cella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6822-4022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Pascarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Sciences \u201cA. 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