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Before vaccine implementation, disease burden, affected age group, and hospitalization rate information should be documented. In 2019, a sizeable outbreak of the East Central South African genotype of CHIKV occurred in Myanmar, and during this period, a cross-sectional study was conducted in two regions, Mandalay and Yangon, to examine the molecular and seropositivity rate of the CHIKV infection. The participants (1124) included dengue-suspected pediatric patients, blood donors, and healthy volunteers, who were assessed using molecular assays (quantitative real-time RT-PCR), serological tests (anti-CHIKV IgM capture and IgG indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays), and neutralization tests. The tests confirmed the following positivity rates: 11.3% (127\/1124) for the molecular assay, 12.4% (139\/1124) for the anti-CHIKV IgM Ab, 44.5% (500\/1124) for the anti-CHIKV IgG Ab, and 46.3% (520\/1124) for the CHIKV neutralizing Ab. The highest rate for the molecular test occurred with the dengue-suspected pediatric patients. The seroprevalence rate through natural infection was higher in the healthy volunteers and blood donors than that in the pediatric patients. The results of this study will help stakeholders determine the criteria for choosing appropriate recipients when a CHIKV vaccine is introduced in Myanmar.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15081734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T10:20:14Z","timestamp":1692008414000},"page":"1734","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Burden of Chikungunya Virus Infection during an Outbreak in Myanmar"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mya Myat","family":"Ngwe Tun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Viral Vaccine Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Vaccines and Therapeutic Antibodies for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shimane University, Izumo 690-8504, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1384-8030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aung Kyaw","family":"Kyaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Yangon 11191, Myanmar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khine Mya","family":"Nwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Su Su","family":"Myaing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Yangon 11191, Myanmar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye Thu","family":"Win","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"550-Bedded Children Hospital (Mandalay), Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health, Mandalay City 05021, Myanmar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Research Station, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Takamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Urano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccines and Therapeutic Antibodies for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shimane University, Izumo 690-8504, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hlaing Myat","family":"Thu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Yangon 11191, Myanmar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saw Wutt","family":"Hmone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Medicine-1, Ministry of Health, Yangon 11131, Myanmar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyaw Zin","family":"Thant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Myanmar Academy of Medical Science, Yangon 11201, Myanmar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kouichi","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Viral Vaccine Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"},{"name":"DEJIMA Infectious Disease Research Alliance, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Burrell, C.J., Howard, C.R., and Murphy, F.A. 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