{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:09:02Z","timestamp":1791360542735,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":445,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ABCD Europe"},{"name":"IDEXX"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is a ubiquitous RNA virus of cats, which is transmitted faeco-orally. In these guidelines, the European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases (ABCD) presents a comprehensive review of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). FCoV is primarily an enteric virus and most infections do not cause clinical signs, or result in only enteritis, but a small proportion of FCoV-infected cats develop FIP. The pathology in FIP comprises a perivascular phlebitis that can affect any organ. Cats under two years old are most frequently affected by FIP. Most cats present with fever, anorexia, and weight loss; many have effusions, and some have ocular and\/or neurological signs. Making a diagnosis is complex and ABCD FIP Diagnostic Approach Tools are available to aid veterinarians. Sampling an effusion, when present, for cytology, biochemistry, and FCoV RNA or FCoV antigen detection is very useful diagnostically. In the absence of an effusion, fine-needle aspirates from affected organs for cytology and FCoV RNA or FCoV antigen detection are helpful. Definitive diagnosis usually requires histopathology with FCoV antigen detection. Antiviral treatments now enable recovery in many cases from this previously fatal disease; nucleoside analogues (e.g., oral GS-441524) are very effective, although they are not available in all countries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15091847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T09:42:53Z","timestamp":1693474973000},"page":"1847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["Feline Infectious Peritonitis: European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases Guidelines"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4059-1402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e9verine","family":"Tasker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK"},{"name":"Linnaeus Veterinary Limited, Shirley, Solihull B90 4BN, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7843-2661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diane D.","family":"Addie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, 64000 Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es Aquitaine, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6852-5936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herman","family":"Egberink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9750-4296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina","family":"Hofmann-Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4313-5023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret J.","family":"Hosie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Truyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2486-268X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e1ndor","family":"Bel\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (BVF), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7036, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corine","family":"Boucraut-Baralon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scanelis Veterinary Test Laboratory, 31770 Colomiers, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9160-1455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tadeusz","family":"Frymus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Lloret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3 Hospital Cl\u00ednic Veterinari, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9552-1199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fulvio","family":"Marsilio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3169-4194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Grazia","family":"Pennisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Universit\u00e0 di Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9585-7933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Etienne","family":"Thiry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Virology and Animal Viral Diseases, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, FARAH Research Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Li\u00e8ge University, B-4000 Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"M\u00f6stl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Virology, Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5256-863X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrin","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LMU Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"368","article-title":"An enteric coronavirus infection of cats and its relationship to feline infectious peritonitis","volume":"42","author":"Pedersen","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am. 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