{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T02:14:42Z","timestamp":1785204882085,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health","award":["D43 TW011326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43 TW011326"]}]},{"name":"Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health","award":["grant for Women in Sciences"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant for Women in Sciences"]}]},{"name":"L\u2019Or\u00e9al UNESCO","award":["D43 TW011326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43 TW011326"]}]},{"name":"L\u2019Or\u00e9al UNESCO","award":["grant for Women in Sciences"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant for Women in Sciences"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dolutegravir (DTG) use in combination with tenofovir and lamivudine (TLD) is scaling up in Africa. However, HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) data to DTG remain scarce in Zimbabwe. We assessed the prevalence and genetic mechanisms of DTG resistance in people living with HIV initiating on TLD. A prospective cohort study was conducted between October 2021 and April 2023 among antiretroviral therapy (ART) na\u00efve adults (\u226518 years) attending care at an HIV clinic in Zimbabwe. Pre-treatment drug resistance (PDR) was assessed prior to TLD initiation and viral load (VL) outcome and acquired drug resistance (ADR) to TLD were described after 24 weeks follow-up. In total, 172 participants were enrolled in the study. The median (IQR) age and log10 VL were 39 (29\u201348) years and 5.41 (4.80\u20135.74) copies\/mL, respectively. At baseline, no PDR to DTG was found. However, as previously reported, PDR to non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) was high (15%) whilst PDR to NRTI was low (4%). After a median duration of 27 (25\u201330) weeks on TLD, virological suppression (VL &lt; 1000 copies\/mL) was 98% and among the 2 participants with VL \u2265 1000 copies\/mL, no ADR was found. HIVDR to DTG is rare among ART na\u00efve individuals. DTG is more likely to address the problems of HIVDR in Africa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15091882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T09:59:31Z","timestamp":1693907971000},"page":"1882","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Low Prevalence of Pre-Treatment and Acquired Drug Resistance to Dolutegravir among Treatment Na\u00efve Individuals Initiating on Tenofovir, Lamivudine and Dolutegravir in Zimbabwe"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3531-7780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinie","family":"Kouamou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare P.O. Box A178, Zimbabwe"},{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare P.O. Box A178, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tendai","family":"Washaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare P.O. Box A178, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7863-7974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiratidzo Ellen","family":"Ndhlovu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare P.O. Box A178, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8874-907X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justen","family":"Manasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare P.O. Box A178, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2017). Guidelines on the Public Health Response to Pretreatment HIV Drug Resistance."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2019). 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Dis."}],"container-title":["Viruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4915\/15\/9\/1882\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:46:55Z","timestamp":1760129215000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4915\/15\/9\/1882"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["v15091882"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v15091882","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-4915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1999-4915","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]}}}