{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T05:50:32Z","timestamp":1788414632776,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,8]],"date-time":"2023-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Pork Board","award":["#21-137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#21-137"]}]},{"name":"National Pork Board","award":["21-000064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-000064"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Food and Agriculture Rapid Outcomes from Agriculture Research (ROAR)","award":["#21-137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#21-137"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Food and Agriculture Rapid Outcomes from Agriculture Research (ROAR)","award":["21-000064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-000064"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>ASFV vaccine candidate ASFV-G-\u0394I177L has been shown to be highly efficacious in inducing protection against challenges with the parental virus, the Georgia 2010 isolate, as well as against field strains isolated from Vietnam. ASFV-G-\u0394I177L has been shown to produce protection even when used at low doses (102 HAD50) and shows no residual virulence even when administered at high doses (106 HAD50) or evaluated for a relatively long period of time (6 months). ASFV-G-\u0394I177L stocks can only be massively produced in primary cell macrophages. Alternatively, its modified version (ASFV-G-\u0394I177L\/\u0394LVR) grows in a swine-derived cell line (PIPEC), acquiring significant genomic modifications. We present here the development of ASFV-G-\u0394I177L stocks in a swine macrophage cell line, IPKM, and its protective efficacy when evaluated in domestic pigs. Successive passing of ASFV-G-\u0394I177L in IPKM cells produces minimal genomic changes. Interestingly, a stock of ASFV-G-\u0394I177L obtained after 10 passages (ASFV-G-\u0394I177Lp10) in IPKM cells showed very small genomic changes when compared with the original virus stock. ASFV-G-\u0394I177Lp10 conserves similar growth kinetics in primary swine macrophage cultures than the original parental virus ASFV-G-\u0394I177L. Pigs infected with 103 HAD50 of ASFV-G-\u0394I177Lp10 developed a strong virus-specific antibody response and were completely protected against the challenge with the parental virulent field isolate Georgia 2010. Therefore, IPKM cells could be an effective alternative for the production of ASFV vaccine stocks for those vaccine candidates exclusively growing in swine macrophages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15102064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T04:56:43Z","timestamp":1696827403000},"page":"2064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["African Swine Fever Vaccine Candidate ASFV-G-\u0394I177L Produced in the Swine Macrophage-Derived Cell Line IPKM Remains Genetically Stable and Protective against Homologous Virulent Challenge"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Manuel V.","family":"Borca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY 11957, USA"},{"name":"National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayushi","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY 11957, USA"},{"name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nallely","family":"Espinoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY 11957, USA"},{"name":"National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Ramirez-Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY 11957, USA"},{"name":"National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7268-6580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Spinard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY 11957, USA"},{"name":"National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauro","family":"Velazquez-Salinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY 11957, USA"},{"name":"National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyssa","family":"Valladares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY 11957, USA"},{"name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5155-1361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ediane","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leeanna","family":"Burton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Meyers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY 11957, USA"},{"name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyril G.","family":"Gay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7894-0233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas P.","family":"Gladue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Orient, NY 11957, USA"},{"name":"National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3018","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14341","article-title":"African swine fever in the Dominican Republic","volume":"68","author":"Gonzales","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transbound. 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