{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T22:50:35Z","timestamp":1782514235548,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["R01 AI134733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI134733"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["R21 144215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 144215"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["UH2 AI169710"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH2 AI169710"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["DP5 OD029608"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP5 OD029608"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["R01 AI134733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI134733"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["R21 144215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 144215"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["UH2 AI169710"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH2 AI169710"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["DP5 OD029608"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP5 OD029608"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["R01 AI134733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI134733"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["R21 144215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 144215"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["UH2 AI169710"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH2 AI169710"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["DP5 OD029608"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP5 OD029608"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["R01 AI134733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI134733"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["R21 144215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 144215"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["UH2 AI169710"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH2 AI169710"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["DP5 OD029608"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP5 OD029608"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ebola virus disease (EVD) represents a global health threat. The etiological agents of EVD are six species of Orthoebolaviruses, with Orthoebolavirus zairense (EBOV) having the greatest public health and medical significance. EVD pathogenesis occurs as a result of broad cellular tropism of the virus, robust viral replication and a potent and dysregulated production of cytokines. In vivo, tissue macrophages are some of the earliest cells infected and contribute significantly to virus load and cytokine production. While EBOV is known to infect macrophages and to generate high titer virus in the liver, EBOV infection of liver macrophages, Kupffer cells, has not previously been examined in tissue culture or experimentally manipulated in vivo. Here, we employed primary murine Kupffer cells (KC) and an immortalized murine Kupffer cell line (ImKC) to assess EBOV-eGFP replication in liver macrophages. KCs and ImKCs were highly permissive for EBOV infection and IFN-\u03b3 polarization of these cells suppressed their permissiveness to infection. The kinetics of IFN-\u03b3-elicited antiviral responses were examined using a biologically contained model of EBOV infection termed EBOV \u0394VP30. The antiviral activity of IFN-\u03b3 was transient, but a modest ~3-fold reduction of infection persisted for as long as 6 days post-treatment. To assess the interferon-stimulated gene products (ISGs) responsible for protection, the efficacy of secreted ISGs induced by IFN-\u03b3 was evaluated and secreted ISGs failed to block EBOV \u0394VP30. Our studies define new cellular tools for the study of EBOV infection that can potentially aid the development of new antiviral therapies. Furthermore, our data underscore the importance of macrophages in EVD pathogenesis and those IFN-\u03b3-elicited ISGs that help to control EBOV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15102077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T08:07:12Z","timestamp":1697011632000},"page":"2077","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of Interferon Gamma on Ebola Virus Infection of Primary Kupffer Cells and a Kupffer Cell Line"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7293-4027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"Aguilar-Brise\u00f1o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonah M.","family":"Elliff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9770-7525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin J.","family":"Patten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology, National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay R.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53726, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9168-2892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert A.","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology, National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam L.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53726, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9892-4484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy J.","family":"Maury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.aivir.2017.12.002","article-title":"Filoviruses: Ecology, Molecular Biology, and Evolution","volume":"100","author":"Emanuel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. 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