{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T13:38:19Z","timestamp":1772113099408,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: for the first time, the effect of one and two doses of adjuvanted influenza vaccines on toll-like receptors (TLRs) in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) was studied and compared (primary vaccination with one vs. two doses, primary vs. repeated vaccination). Materials and methods: Six patients received one dose of quadrivalent adjuvanted influenza vaccine during the 2018\u20132019 and 2019\u20132020 influenza seasons, and nine patients with CVID received two doses of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine during 2019\u20132020. Expression of TLRs was measured by flow cytometry. Results: The expression of toll-like receptors in patients with CVID was noted both with repeated (annual) administration of the influenza vaccine and in most cases was accompanied by an increase in the proportion of granulocytes (TLR3 and TLR9), lymphocytes (TLR3 and TLR8), and monocytes (TLR3 and TLR9). When carried out for the first time as a simultaneous vaccination with two doses it was accompanied by an increase in the proportion of granulocytes, lymphocytes expressing TLR9, and on monocytes\u2014TLR3 and TLR9. Conclusion: in CVID patients, the use of adjuvanted vaccines is promising, and research on the influence of the innate immunity and more effective regimens should be continued.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15102091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T14:38:42Z","timestamp":1697294322000},"page":"2091","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Expression of Toll-like Receptors on the Immune Cells in Patients with Common Variable Immune Deficiency after Different Schemes of Influenza Vaccination"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0584-2376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aristitsa Mikhailovna","family":"Kostinova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str. 8\/2, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"National Research Center\u2014Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Kashirskoe Shosse, 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena Alexandrovna","family":"Latysheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center\u2014Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Kashirskoe Shosse, 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ostrovitianov Str. 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nelly Kimovna","family":"Akhmatova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Russian Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution \u00abI.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera\u00bb, Malyi Kazenniy Pereulok, 5a, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna Egorovna","family":"Vlasenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education \u201cSamara State Medical University\u201d of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Chapaevskaya Street, 89, 443099 Samara, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Svetlana Anatolyevna","family":"Skhodova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Russian Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution \u00abI.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera\u00bb, Malyi Kazenniy Pereulok, 5a, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina Alexandrovna","family":"Khromova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Russian Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution \u00abI.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera\u00bb, Malyi Kazenniy Pereulok, 5a, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrey Viktorovich","family":"Linok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str. 8\/2, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arseniy Alexandrovich","family":"Poddubikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str. 8\/2, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatyana Vasilievna","family":"Latysheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Center\u2014Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Kashirskoe Shosse, 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikhail Petrovich","family":"Kostinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str. 8\/2, 119991 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Russian Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution \u00abI.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera\u00bb, Malyi Kazenniy Pereulok, 5a, 105064 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-022-01289-3","article-title":"Human Inborn Errors of Immunity: 2022 Update on the Classification from the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee","volume":"42","author":"Tangye","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. 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