{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:46:53Z","timestamp":1792788413114,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]],"date-time":"2023-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Acute hepatitis B infection is associated with severe liver disease and chronic sequelae in some cases. The purpose of this review was to determine the efficacy of nucleoside analogues (NA) (lamivudine versus entecavir) compared to placebo or no intervention for treating acute primary HBV infection. Methods. A meta-analysis for drug intervention was performed, following a fixed-effect model. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomized studies that evaluated the outcomes of NA in acute hepatitis B infection were included. The following outcomes were considered: virological cure (PCR negative), elimination of acute infection (seroconversion of HBsAg), mortality, and serious adverse events. Results. Five trials with 627 adult participants with severe acute hepatitis B defined by biochemical and serologic parameters were included. Virological cure did not favor any intervention: OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.7 (p = 0.90), I2 = 58%. Seroconversion of HBsAg to negative favored placebo\/standard-of-care compared to lamivudine: OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.9 (p = 0.02), I2 = 31%. The only trial that compared entecavir and lamivudine favored entecavir over lamivudine (OR: 3.64, 95% CI 1.31\u201310.13; 90 participants). Adverse events were mild. Conclusion. There is insufficient evidence that NA obtain superior efficacy compared with placebo\/standard-of-care in patients with acute viral hepatitis, based on low quality evidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15112241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T02:10:43Z","timestamp":1699841443000},"page":"2241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Lamivudine and Entecavir for Acute Hepatitis B: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6714-5840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesar","family":"Henriquez-Camacho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Hospital Universitario de M\u00f3stoles, 28935 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"Hijas-Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agencia de Evaluaci\u00f3n de Tecnolog\u00edas Sanitarias (AETS), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6408-9823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Risco Risco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HM Hospitales, Hospital Universitario Sanchinarro, 28050 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Angeles","family":"Ruiz Lapuente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Vacunaci\u00f3n Internacional, Sanidad Exterior Barcelona, 08002 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5736-8111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa","family":"Escudero-Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, CIBERINFEC, ISIII-CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, IRYCIS, Instituto Ram\u00f3n y Cajal de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria, 28034 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor Moreno","family":"Cuerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Hospital Universitario de M\u00f3stoles, 28935 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11941","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i42.11941","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus burden in developing countries","volume":"21","author":"Zampino","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. 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