{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T18:05:21Z","timestamp":1778781921093,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":169,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,25]],"date-time":"2023-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BBS\/B\/03300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/B\/03300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/R000352\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/R000352\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nuclear bodies (NBs) are dynamic structures present in eukaryotic cell nuclei. They are not bounded by membranes and are often considered biomolecular condensates, defined structurally and functionally by the localisation of core components. Nuclear architecture can be reorganised during normal cellular processes such as the cell cycle as well as in response to cellular stress. Many plant and animal viruses target their proteins to NBs, in some cases triggering their structural disruption and redistribution. Although not all such interactions have been well characterised, subversion of NBs and their functions may form a key part of the life cycle of eukaryotic viruses that require the nucleus for their replication. This review will focus on Cajal bodies (CBs) and the viruses that target them. Since CBs are dynamic structures, other NBs (principally nucleoli and promyelocytic leukaemia, PML and bodies), whose components interact with CBs, will also be considered. As well as providing important insights into key virus\u2013host cell interactions, studies on Cajal and associated NBs may identify novel cellular targets for development of antiviral compounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15122311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T03:33:56Z","timestamp":1701056036000},"page":"2311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Viruses and Cajal Bodies: A Critical Cellular Target in Virus Infection?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lucy","family":"Lettin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7006-8110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bilgi","family":"Erbay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK"},{"name":"Molek\u00fcler Biyoloji ve Genetik B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Fen Fak\u00fcltesi, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van 65140, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0440-1795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G. Eric","family":"Blair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.078997.121","article-title":"RNA in formation and regulation of transcriptional condensates","volume":"28","author":"Sharp","year":"2022","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2942","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e05-12-1157","article-title":"A distant coilin homologue is required for the formation of Cajal bodies in Arabidopsis","volume":"17","author":"Collier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. 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