{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T07:45:48Z","timestamp":1768463148893,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,16]],"date-time":"2023-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#298527-2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#298527-2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP130561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP130561"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#298527-2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#298527-2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP130561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP130561"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Syncytin-1 and -2 are glycoproteins encoded by human endogenous retrovirus (hERV) that, through their fusogenic properties, are needed for the formation of the placental syncytiotrophoblast. Previous studies suggested that these proteins, in addition to the EnvP(b) envelope protein, are also involved in other cell fusion events. Since galectin-1 is a \u03b2-galactoside-binding protein associated with cytotrophoblast fusion during placental development, we previously tested its effect on Syncytin-mediated cell fusion and showed that this protein differently modulates the fusogenic potential of Syncytin-1 and -2. Herein, we were interested in comparing the impact of galectin-1 on hERV envelope proteins in different cellular contexts. Using a syncytium assay, we first demonstrated that galectin-1 increased the fusion of Syncytin-2- and EnvP(b)-expressing cells. We then tested the infectivity of Syncytin-1 and -2 vs. VSV-G-pseudotyped viruses toward Cos-7 and various human cell lines. In the presence of galectin-1, infection of Syncytin-2-pseudotyped viruses augmented for all cell lines. In contrast, the impact of galectin-1 on the infectivity of Syncytin-1-pseudotyped viruses varied, being cell- and dose-dependent. In this study, we report the functional associations between three hERV envelope proteins and galectin-1, which should provide information on the fusogenic activity of these proteins in the placenta and other biological and pathological processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v15122441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T05:41:35Z","timestamp":1702878095000},"page":"2441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Galectin-1 Modulates the Fusogenic Activity of Placental Endogenous Retroviral Envelopes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Caroline","family":"Toudic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement des Sciences Biologiques and Centre d\u2019excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3P8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maike","family":"Maurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert-Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"St-Pierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glycobiology and Bioimaging Laboratory, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases and Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement des Sciences Biologiques and Centre d\u2019excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3P8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Bannert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert-Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Lafond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement des Sciences Biologiques and Centre d\u2019excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3P8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c9ric","family":"Rassart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement des Sciences Biologiques and Centre d\u2019excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3P8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sachiko","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glycobiology and Bioimaging Laboratory, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases and Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7186-9756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benoit","family":"Barbeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement des Sciences Biologiques and Centre d\u2019excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines-Fondation Courtois, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3C 3P8, Canada"},{"name":"Regroupement Intersectoriel de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec, Montr\u00e9al, QC H2X 1E3, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1038\/35057062","article-title":"Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome","volume":"409","author":"Lander","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2012.05.005","article-title":"From ancestral infectious retroviruses to bona fide cellular genes: Role of the captured syncytins in placentation","volume":"33","author":"Dupressoir","year":"2012","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10414","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.19.10414-10422.2003","article-title":"Survey of human genes of retroviral origin: Identification and transcriptome of the genes with coding capacity for complete envelope proteins","volume":"77","author":"Lazar","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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