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The spread of the non-pathogenic lagoviruses, e.g., rabbit calicivirus (RCV), is less well studied as the infection results in no clinical signs. Nonetheless, RCV has important implications for the spread of RHDV and rabbit biocontrol as it can provide varying levels of cross-protection against fatal infection with pathogenic lagoviruses. In Chile, where European rabbits are also an introduced species, myxoma virus was used for localised biocontrol of rabbits in the 1950s. To date, there have been no studies investigating the presence of lagoviruses in the Chilean feral rabbit population. In this study, liver and duodenum rabbit samples from central Chile were tested for the presence of lagoviruses and positive samples were subject to whole RNA sequencing and subsequent data analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a novel RCV variant in duodenal samples that likely originated from European RCVs. Sequencing analysis also detected the presence of a rabbit astrovirus in one of the lagovirus-positive samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v16030439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T12:14:40Z","timestamp":1710245680000},"page":"439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["First Detection of Benign Rabbit Caliciviruses in Chile"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Smertina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Health and Biosecurity, Black Mountain, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca M.","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Health and Biosecurity, Black Mountain, Canberra, ACT 2601, 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Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8999-650X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Crist\u00f3bal","family":"Brice\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8330111, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9062-9969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor Neira","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8330111, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"D\u00edaz-Gacit\u00faa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Corporaci\u00f3n Nacional Forestal (CONAF), Santiago 8330407, 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