{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T21:57:55Z","timestamp":1788386275091,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["EURL-AHS-BT 2023\u20132024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EURL-AHS-BT 2023\u20132024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The African horse sickness virus (AHSV) belongs to the Genus Orbivirus, family Sedoreoviridae, and nine serotypes of the virus have been described to date. The AHSV genome is composed of ten linear segments of double-stranded (ds) RNA, numbered in decreasing size order (Seg-1 to Seg-10). Genome segment 2 (Seg-2) encodes outer-capsid protein VP2, the most variable AHSV protein and the primary target for neutralizing antibodies. Consequently, Seg-2 determines the identity of the virus serotype. An African horse sickness (AHS) outbreak in an AHS-free status country requires identifying the serotype as soon as possible to implement a serotype-specific vaccination program. Considering that nowadays \u2018polyvalent live attenuated\u2019 is the only commercially available vaccination strategy to control the disease, field and vaccine strains of different serotypes could co-circulate. Additionally, in AHS-endemic countries, more than one serotype is often circulating at the same time. Therefore, a strategy to rapidly determine the virus serotype in an AHS-positive sample is strongly recommended in both epidemiological situations. The main objective of this study is to describe the development and validation of three triplex real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) methods for rapid AHSV serotype detection. Samples from recent AHS outbreaks in Kenia (2015\u20132017), Thailand (2020), and Nigeria (2023), and from the AHS outbreak in Spain (1987\u20131990), were included in the study for the validation of these methods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v16030470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T05:56:07Z","timestamp":1710914167000},"page":"470","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Development and Validation of Three Triplex Real-Time RT-PCR Assays for Typing African Horse Sickness Virus: Utility for Disease Control and Other Laboratory Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Rub\u00e9n","family":"Villalba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 28110 Algete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Tena-Tom\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tecnolog\u00edas y Servicios Agrarios, S.A. (TRAGSATEC), 28037 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2150-4941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9","family":"Ruano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 28110 Algete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5782-9457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Valero-Lorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 28110 Algete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"L\u00f3pez-Herranz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 28110 Algete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Cano-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 28110 Algete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1042-5363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Montserrat","family":"Ag\u00fcero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 28110 Algete, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1231","article-title":"African Horse Sickness","volume":"Volume 2","author":"Coetzer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infectious Diseases of Livestock"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2004021","article-title":"African Horse Sickness","volume":"35","author":"Mellor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. 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