{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:06:14Z","timestamp":1787162774989,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2021D01D12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021D01D12"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2021YFD1400200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1400200"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021D01D12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021D01D12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFD1400200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1400200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fire blight, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is a major threat to pear production worldwide. Bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria, are a promising alternative to antibiotics for controlling fire blight. In this study, we isolated a novel bacteriophage, RH-42-1, from Xinjiang, China. We characterized its biological properties, including host range, plaque morphology, infection dynamics, stability, and sensitivity to various chemicals. RH-42-1 infected several E. amylovora strains but not all. It produced clear, uniform plaques and exhibited optimal infectivity at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1, reaching a high titer of 9.6 \u00d7 109 plaque-forming units (PFU)\/mL. The bacteriophage had a short latent period (10 min), a burst size of 207 PFU\/cell, and followed a sigmoidal one-step growth curve. It was stable at temperatures up to 60 \u00b0C but declined rapidly at higher temperatures. RH-42-1 remained viable within a pH range of 5 to 9 and was sensitive to extreme pH values. The bacteriophage demonstrates sustained activity upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation for 60 min, albeit with a marginal reduction. In our assays, it exhibited a certain level of resistance to 5% chloroform (CHCl3), 5% isopropanol (C3H8O), and 3% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which had little effect on its activity, whereas it showed sensitivity to 75% ethanol (C2H5OH). Electron microscopy revealed that RH-42-1 has a tadpole-shaped morphology. Its genome size is 14,942 bp with a GC content of 48.19%. Based on these characteristics, RH-42-1 was identified as a member of the Tectiviridae family, Alphatectivirus genus. This is the first report of a bacteriophage in this genus with activity against E. amylovora.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v16040509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T11:34:58Z","timestamp":1711452898000},"page":"509","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Isolation and Characterization of a Lytic Bacteriophage RH-42-1 of Erwinia amylovora from Orchard Soil in China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Haishen","family":"Xi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy at Xinjiang Agricultural University\/Key Laboratory of Detection and Control of Agricultural and Forest Pests, Urumqi 830052, China"},{"name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory for Pests and Diseases Control of Northwest Arid Oasis Agricultural Foreign Invasion Species, Urumqi 830052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5068-7240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benzhong","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy at Xinjiang Agricultural University\/Key Laboratory of Detection and Control of Agricultural and Forest Pests, Urumqi 830052, China"},{"name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory for Pests and Diseases Control of Northwest Arid Oasis Agricultural Foreign Invasion Species, Urumqi 830052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Korla 841003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agronomy at Xinjiang Agricultural University\/Key Laboratory of Detection and Control of Agricultural and Forest Pests, Urumqi 830052, China"},{"name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory for Pests and Diseases Control of Northwest Arid Oasis Agricultural Foreign Invasion Species, Urumqi 830052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liying","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1364-3703.2012.00804.x","article-title":"Top 10 plant pathogenic bacteria in molecular plant pathology","volume":"13","author":"Mansfield","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. 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