{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T02:26:28Z","timestamp":1772504788425,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000277","name":"UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) and the devolved Scottish and Welsh administrations","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SV3700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SV3700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000277","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000277","name":"UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) and the devolved Scottish and Welsh administrations","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["871029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["871029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000277","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["SV3700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SV3700"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["871029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["871029"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Reverse zoonotic transmission events of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been described since the start of the pandemic, and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) designated the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in animals a reportable disease. Eighteen domestic and zoo animals in Great Britain and Jersey were tested by APHA for SARS-CoV-2 during 2020\u20132023. One domestic cat (Felis catus), three domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), and three Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) from a zoo were confirmed positive during 2020\u20132021 and reported to the WOAH. All seven positive animals were linked with known SARS-CoV-2 positive human contacts. Characterisation of the SARS-CoV-2 variants by genome sequencing indicated that the cat was infected with an early SARS-CoV-2 lineage. The three dogs and three tigers were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant of concern (B.1.617.2). The role of non-human species in the onward transmission and emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 remain poorly defined. Continued surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in relevant domestic and captive animal species with high levels of human contact is important to monitor transmission at the human\u2212animal interface and to assess their role as potential animal reservoirs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v16040617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T09:16:33Z","timestamp":1713258993000},"page":"617","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant (B.1.617.2) in Domestic Dogs and Zoo Tigers in England and Jersey during 2021"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9045-3553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda H.","family":"Seekings","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"},{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 in Animals, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7039-9596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Shipley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"},{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 in Animals, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7448-8200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander M. P.","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"},{"name":"Worldwide Influenza Centre, The Francis Crick Institute, Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shweta","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"},{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 in Animals, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Golding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6077-7706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joan","family":"Amaya-Cuesta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hooman","family":"Goharriz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"},{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 in Animals, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4975-0171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana G\u00f3mez","family":"Vitores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Animal Sciences, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7680-5110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabian Z. X.","family":"Lean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Animal Sciences, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9673-3684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joe","family":"James","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5926-7541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Animal Sciences, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alistair","family":"Breed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Government of Jersey, Infrastructure Housing and Environment, Howard Davis Farm, La Route de la Trinit\u00e9, Trinity, Jersey JE3 5JP, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Frost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"One Health, Animal Health and Welfare Advice Team, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Nobel House, 17 Smith Square, London SW1P 3JR, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Balzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vet Med Labor GmbH, Division of IDEXX Laboratories, Humboldtstra\u00dfe 2, 70806 Kornwestheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3909-1301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian H.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9207-6659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharon M.","family":"Brookes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6022-348X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorraine M.","family":"McElhinney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"},{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 in Animals, Animal and Plant Health Agency-Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2012-7","article-title":"A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin","volume":"579","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"157","article-title":"WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic","volume":"91","author":"Cucinotta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Biomed."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2024, February 13). 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