{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:16:09Z","timestamp":1787030169610,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"J.C. Bose Fellowship from the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB)","award":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"]}]},{"name":"DBT-IISc partnership program","award":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"]}]},{"name":"Research Support from the Indian Institute of Science","award":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"]}]},{"name":"DST Fund for Improvement of Science and Technology Infrastructure (DST-FIST) level II infrastructure","award":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"]}]},{"name":"University Grants Commission Centre of Advanced Studies","award":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"]}]},{"name":"Indo-Swiss Joint Research Program (ISJRP)","award":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"]}]},{"name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)","award":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SB\/S2\/JCB-51\/2013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects the human liver, and its chronic infection is one of the major causes of Hepatocellular carcinoma. Translation of HCV RNA is mediated by an Internal Ribosome Entry Site (IRES) element located in the 5\u2019UTR of viral RNA. Several RNA Binding proteins of the host interact with the HCV IRES and modulate its function. Here, we demonstrate that PSPC1 (Paraspeckle Component 1), an essential paraspeckle component, upon HCV infection is relocalized and interacts with HCV IRES to prevent viral RNA translation. Competition UV-crosslinking experiments showed that PSPC1 interacts explicitly with the SLIV region of the HCV IRES, which is known to play a vital role in ribosomal loading to the HCV IRES via interaction with Ribosomal protein S5 (RPS5). Partial silencing of PSPC1 increased viral RNA translation and, consequently, HCV replication, suggesting a negative regulation by PSPC1. Interestingly, the silencing of PSPC1 protein leads to an increased interaction of RPS5 at the SLIV region, leading to an overall increase in the viral RNA in polysomes. Overall, our results showed how the host counters viral infection by relocalizing nuclear protein to the cytoplasm as a survival strategy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v16050738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T11:00:10Z","timestamp":1715079610000},"page":"738","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["PSPC1 Binds to HCV IRES and Prevents Ribosomal Protein S5 Binding, Inhibiting Viral RNA Translation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sachin Kumar","family":"Tripathi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Aneja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1858-3326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teji","family":"Borgaonkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0640-3586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saumitra","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India"},{"name":"National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani 741251, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2008.06.004","article-title":"Structure and function of HCV IRES domains","volume":"139","author":"Lukavsky","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26626","article-title":"Cell entry, efficient RNA replication, and production of infectious hepatitis C virus progeny in mouse liver-derived cells","volume":"59","author":"Frentzen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Unfried, J.P., and Fortes, P. 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