{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:06:53Z","timestamp":1760144813732,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R24 AI120942","U01AI151801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24 AI120942","U01AI151801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The complete lack of yellow fever virus (YFV) in Asia, and the lack of urban YFV transmission in South America, despite the abundance of the peridomestic mosquito vector Aedes (Stegomyia.) aegypti is an enigma. An immunologically na\u00efve population of over 2 billion resides in Asia, with most regions infested with the urban YF vector. One hypothesis for the lack of Asian YF, and absence of urban YF in the Americas for over 80 years, is that prior immunity to related flaviviruses like dengue (DENV) or Zika virus (ZIKV) modulates YFV infection and transmission dynamics. Here we utilized an interferon \u03b1\/\u03b2 receptor knock-out mouse model to determine the role of pre-existing dengue-2 (DENV-2) and Zika virus (ZIKV) immunity in YF virus infection, and to determine mechanisms of cross-protection. We utilized African and Brazilian YF strains and found that DENV-2 and ZIKV immunity significantly suppresses YFV viremia in mice, but may or may not protect relative to disease outcomes. Cross-protection appears to be mediated mainly by humoral immune responses. These studies underscore the importance of re-assessing the risks associated with YF outbreak while accounting for prior immunity from flaviviruses that are endemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v16060836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T05:36:06Z","timestamp":1716528966000},"page":"836","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Mechanisms of Flavivirus Cross-Protection against Yellow Fever in a Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7901-4071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divya P.","family":"Shinde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordyn","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel A.","family":"Reyna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5919-3922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dionna","family":"Scharton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1141-747X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brooke","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ennid","family":"Dulaney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2888-2418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Srinivisa Reddy","family":"Bonam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haitao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4768-7458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica A.","family":"Plante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7485-3167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth S.","family":"Plante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8016-8556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott C.","family":"Weaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2017.11.026","article-title":"Global risk mapping for major diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus","volume":"67","author":"Leta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. 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