{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T19:46:52Z","timestamp":1792525612124,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan","award":["23K08826"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K08826"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Adenoviruses are non-enveloped DNA viruses that cause a wide range of symptoms, from mild infections to life-threatening diseases in a broad range of hosts. Due to the unique characteristics of these viruses, they have also become a vehicle for gene-transfer and cancer therapeutic instruments. Adenovirus vectors can be used in gene therapy by modifying wild-type viruses to render them replication-defective. This makes it possible to swap out particular viral genes for segments that carry therapeutic genes and to employ the resultant vector as a means of delivering genes to specified tissues. In this review, we outline the progressive development of adenovirus vectors, exploring their characteristics, genetic modifications, and range of uses in clinical and preclinical settings. A significant emphasis is placed on their crucial role in advancing gene therapy, cancer therapy, immunotherapy, and the latest breakthroughs in vaccine development for various diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v16071094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T07:57:45Z","timestamp":1720425465000},"page":"1094","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Clinical Application of Adenovirus (AdV): A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8990-3868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md.","family":"Salauddin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna 9202, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8036-0190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sukumar","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1487-5444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Golzar","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Okuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biodefense Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5271-4238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaru","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biodefense Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Subrat Khanal, G.a.A.S.D. (2018). The Repertoire of Adenovirus in Human Disease: The Innocuous to the Deadly. Biomedicines, 30.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201801.0267.v1"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith, J.G., Wiethoff, C.M., Stewart, P.L., and Nemerow, G.R. (2010). Adenovirus. Cell Entry by Non-Enveloped Viruses, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/82_2010_16"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s12250-013-3308-7","article-title":"Identification and typing of respiratory adenoviruses in Guangzhou, Southern China using a rapid and simple method","volume":"28","author":"Han","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2023.09.004","article-title":"Construction and application of adenoviral vectors","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Ther.\u2014Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, Z., Anselmo, A.C., and Mitragotri, S. (2022). Viral vector-based gene therapies in the clinic. Bioeng. Transl. Med., 7.","DOI":"10.1002\/btm2.10258"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.2144\/btn-2022-0051","article-title":"Adenovirus vector system: Construction, history and therapeutic applications","volume":"73","author":"Syyam","year":"2022","journal-title":"BioTechniques"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sallard, E., Zhang, W., Aydin, M., Schr\u00f6er, K., and Ehrhardt, A. (2023). The adenovirus vector platform: Novel insights into rational vector design and lessons learned from the COVID-19 vaccine. Viruses, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/v15010204"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-111-27786","article-title":"Cancer induction in hamsters by human type 12 adenovirus. Effect of age and of virus dose","volume":"111","author":"Yabe","year":"1962","journal-title":"Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3089","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.7.3089-3094.2001","article-title":"\u201cHit-and-run\u201d transformation by adenovirus oncogenes","volume":"75","author":"Nevels","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1517\/14712590903187053","article-title":"Engineered adenovirus serotypes for overcoming anti-vector immunity","volume":"9","author":"Dharmapuri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Biol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, W.-C., Sayedahmed, E.E., and Mittal, S.K. (2022). Significance of Preexisting Vector Immunity and Activation of Innate Responses for Adenoviral Vector-Based Therapy. Viruses, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/v14122727"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-019-0205-4","article-title":"Engineering adeno-associated virus vectors for gene therapy","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-01-306647","article-title":"Immune responses to AAV vectors: Overcoming barriers to successful gene therapy","volume":"122","author":"Mingozzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2021.120","article-title":"An Optimized CRISPR\/Cas9 Adenovirus Vector (AdZ-CRISPR) for High-Throughput Cloning of sgRNA, Using Enhanced sgRNA and Cas9 Variants","volume":"33","author":"Statkute","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum. Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baldassarri, S., Benati, D., D\u2019alessio, F., Patrizi, C., Cattin, E., Gentile, M., Raggioli, A., and Recchia, A. (2022). Engineered Sleeping Beauty Transposon as Efficient System to Optimize Chimp Adenoviral Production. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23147538"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ziraldo, M., Bidart, J.E., Prato, C.A., Tribulatti, M.V., Zamorano, P., Mattion, N., and D\u2019antuono, A.L. (2020). Optimized adenoviral vector that enhances the assembly of FMDV O1 virus-like particles in situ increases its potential as vaccine for serotype O viruses. Front. Microbiol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.591019"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2005.03.022","article-title":"Regulatable gene expression systems for gene therapy applications: Progress and future challenges","volume":"12","author":"Goverdhana","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalafati, E., Drakopoulou, E., Anagnou, N., and Pappa, K.I. (2023). Developing Oncolytic Viruses for the Treatment of Cervical Cancer. Cells, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12141838"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2007.05.010","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive assay for detection of replication-competent adenoviruses by a combination of microcarrier cell culture and quantitative PCR","volume":"145","author":"Schalk","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ricobaraza, A., Gonzalez-Aparicio, M., Mora-Jimenez, L., Lumbreras, S., and Hernandez-Alcoceba, R. (2020). High-capacity adenoviral vectors: Expanding the scope of gene therapy. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21103643"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shchaslyvyi, A.Y., Antonenko, S.V., Tesliuk, M.G., and Telegeev, G.D. (2023). Current State of Human Gene Therapy: Approved Products and Vectors. Pharmaceuticals, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16101416"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vrba, S.M., Kirk, N.M., Brisse, M.E., Liang, Y., and Ly, H. (2020). Development and applications of viral vectored vaccines to combat zoonotic and emerging public health threats. Vaccines, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines8040680"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0697-639","article-title":"ONYX-015, an E1B gene-attenuated adenovirus, causes tumor-specific cytolysis and antitumoral efficacy that can be augmented by standard chemotherapeutic agents","volume":"3","author":"Heise","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12483","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.24.12483-12490.2002","article-title":"Evidence that replication of the antitumor adenovirus ONYX-015 is not controlled by the p53 and p14 ARF tumor suppressor genes","volume":"76","author":"Edwards","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2009.266","article-title":"Current issues and future directions of oncolytic adenoviruses","volume":"18","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2022.01.034","article-title":"Adenovirus-based vaccines-a platform for pandemic preparedness against emerging viral pathogens","volume":"30","author":"Coughlan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61591-3","article-title":"Efficacy assessment of a cell-mediated immunity HIV-1 vaccine (the Step Study): A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, test-of-concept trial","volume":"372","author":"Buchbinder","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Knipe, D.M., and Howley, P.M. (2007). Adenoviruses. Fields Virology, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1310566","article-title":"Efficacy trial of a DNA\/rAd5 HIV-1 preventive vaccine","volume":"369","author":"Hammer","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205ra134","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006843","article-title":"A human type 5 adenovirus\u2013based tuberculosis vaccine induces robust T cell responses in humans despite preexisting anti-adenovirus immunity","volume":"5","author":"Smaill","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"421","article-title":"Adenovirus vectors for gene therapy, vaccination and cancer gene therapy","volume":"13","author":"SMWold","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6318","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00384-09","article-title":"Replication-defective adenovirus vectors with multiple deletions do not induce measurable vector-specific T cells in human trials","volume":"83","author":"Koup","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2021.198466","article-title":"Adenoviral vector DNA-and SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based Covid-19 vaccines: Possible integration into the human genome-are adenoviral genes expressed in vector-based vaccines?","volume":"302","author":"Doerfler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-021-00356-x","article-title":"Adenoviral vector vaccine platforms in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic","volume":"6","author":"Lorincz","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ara\u00fajo, N.M., Rubio, I.G.S., Toneto, N.A., Morale, M.G., and Tamura, R.E. (2022). The use of adenoviral vectors in gene therapy and vaccine approaches. Genet. Mol. Biol., 45.","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0079"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, H., and Mahato, R.I. (2013). Gene Therapy. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-6486-0_24"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3302590","article-title":"Prime-boost vaccination with plasmid DNA and a chimeric adenovirus type 5 vector with type 35 fiber induces protective immunity against HIV","volume":"12","author":"Xin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.01.117","article-title":"Chimeric adenovirus 5\/35 vector containing the clade C HIV gag gene induces a cross-reactive immune response against HIV","volume":"25","author":"Xin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2007.06.012","article-title":"Chimeric adenovirus type 5\/35 vector encoding SIV gag and HIV env genes affords protective immunity against the simian\/human immunodeficiency virus in monkeys","volume":"367","author":"Someya","year":"2007","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200405210-00019","article-title":"Adenovirus types 5 and 35 seroprevalence in AIDS risk groups supports type 35 as a vaccine vector","volume":"18","author":"Kostense","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.1277","article-title":"Designed recombinant adenovirus type 5 vector induced envelope-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus type 1","volume":"11","author":"Ura","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Gene Med."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.1332","article-title":"Adenovirus type 5 with modified hexons induces robust transgene-specific immune responses in mice with pre-existing immunity against adenovirus type 5","volume":"11","author":"Abe","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Gene Med."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(02)00410-9","article-title":"Adenovirus vectors containing chimeric type 5 and type 35 fiber proteins exhibit altered and expanded tropism and increase the size limit of foreign genes","volume":"285","author":"Mizuguchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1080\/15384047.2017.1395115","article-title":"A novel fiber chimeric conditionally replicative adenovirus-Ad5\/F35 for tumor therapy","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Biol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1066","article-title":"Progress and problems with the use of viral vectors for gene therapy","volume":"4","author":"Thomas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheng, C., Gall, J.G.D., Kong, W.-p., Sheets, R.L., Gomez, L., King, C.R., and Nabel, G.J. (2007). Mechanism of Ad5 vaccine immunity and toxicity: Fiber shaft targeting of dendritic cells. PLoS Pathog., 3.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030025"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7052","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00103-06","article-title":"TORC1 and TORC2 coactivators are required for tax activation of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 long terminal repeats","volume":"80","author":"Siu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7498","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.11.7498-7509.1996","article-title":"Evaluation of the concentration and bioactivity of adenovirus vectors for gene therapy","volume":"70","author":"Mittereder","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2567","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.6.2567-2583.2000","article-title":"Efficient gene transfer into human CD34 + cells by a retargeted adenovirus vector","volume":"74","author":"Shayakhmetov","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7866","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.14.7866","article-title":"An adenoviral vector deleted for all viral coding sequences results in enhanced safety and extended expression of a leptin transgene","volume":"95","author":"Morsy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2005.18.79","article-title":"Induction and inhibition of innate inflammatory responses by adenovirus early region proteins","volume":"18","author":"Schaack","year":"2005","journal-title":"Viral Immunol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0696-714","article-title":"Second\u2013generation adenovirus vectors","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3302612","article-title":"Gutless adenovirus: Last-generation adenovirus for gene therapy","volume":"12","author":"Alba","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2022.103429","article-title":"The gap between development and manufacturing in gene therapy: Strategic options for overcoming traps","volume":"28","author":"Nishida","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5090","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.8.5090-5104.2005","article-title":"Development and assessment of human adenovirus type 11 as a gene transfer vector","volume":"79","author":"Stone","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1038\/s41434-021-00308-z","article-title":"Biodistribution and immunity of adenovirus 5\/35 and modified vaccinia Ankara vector vaccines against human immunodeficiency virus 1 clade C","volume":"29","author":"Shimada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2875","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.29594","article-title":"Pre-existing immunity against Ad vectors: Humoral, cellular, and innate response, what\u2019s important?","volume":"10","author":"Kobinger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccines Immunother."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3368","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.3368","article-title":"Fiber modifications enable fowl adenovirus 4 vectors to transduce human cells","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Gene Med."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.348","article-title":"Generation of fiber-modified adenovirus vectors containing heterologous peptides in both the HI loop and C terminus of the fiber knob","volume":"5","author":"Koizumi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Gene Med."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-007-0021-5","article-title":"Adenoviral vectors for gene therapy","volume":"36","author":"Douglas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.3390\/v6020832","article-title":"The evolution of adenoviral vectors through genetic and chemical surface modifications","volume":"6","author":"Capasso","year":"2014","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2023.02.012","article-title":"Targeted adenovirus-mediated transduction of human T cells in vitro and in vivo","volume":"29","author":"Freitag","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Ther.\u2014Methods Clin. Dev."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Le, T.M.D., Yoon, A.-R., Thambi, T., and Yun, C.-O. (2022). Polymeric Systems for Cancer Immunotherapy: A Review. Front. Immunol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.826876"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, H., and Curiel, D.T. (2008). Fiber-modified adenoviruses for targeted gene therapy. Gene Therapy Protocols: Design and Characterization of Gene Transfer Vectors, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60327-248-3_8"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carroll, M.W., Wilkinson, G.W., and Lundstrom, K. (2023). Mammalian expression systems and vaccination. Genetically Engineered Viruses, Springer.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003423775-5"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dmpk.2021.100432","article-title":"Adenovirus vector-based vaccine for infectious diseases","volume":"42","author":"Sakurai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021004904","article-title":"A case of thrombocytopenia and multiple thromboses after vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 against SARS-CoV-2","volume":"5","author":"Rolland","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2104840","article-title":"Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 Vaccination","volume":"384","author":"Greinacher","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2021.102681","article-title":"Comparison of vaccine-induced thrombotic events between ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and Ad26.COV.2.S vaccines","volume":"122","author":"Hwang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1038\/s41434-022-00332-7","article-title":"Effective viral-mediated lung gene therapy: Is airway surface preparation necessary?","volume":"30","author":"McCarron","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2019.02.019","article-title":"Recent developments in mRNA-based protein supplementation therapy to target lung diseases","volume":"27","author":"Sahu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40348-018-0081-6","article-title":"The potential of antisense oligonucleotide therapies for inherited childhood lung diseases","volume":"5","author":"Martinovich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Butt, M.H., Zaman, M., Ahmad, A., Khan, R., Mallhi, T.H., Hasan, M.M., Khan, Y.H., Hafeez, S., Massoud, E.E.S., and Rahman, H. (2022). Appraisal for the potential of viral and nonviral vectors in gene therapy: A review. Genes, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13081370"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2017.04.001","article-title":"Adenovirus-mediated gene delivery: Potential applications for gene and cell-based therapies in the new era of personalized medicine","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genes Dis."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.3390\/v2010111","article-title":"Retroviral Integration Site Selection","volume":"2","author":"Desfarges","year":"2010","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00487-6","article-title":"Viral vector platforms within the gene therapy landscape","volume":"6","author":"Bulcha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_77","first-page":"46","article-title":"Non-viral gene delivery methods","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3301514","article-title":"Self-complementary recombinant adeno-associated virus (scAAV) vectors promote efficient transduction independently of DNA synthesis","volume":"8","author":"Mccarty","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3941","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1991.tb04964.x","article-title":"Targeted integration of adeno-associated virus (AAV) into human chromosome 19","volume":"10","author":"Samulski","year":"1991","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5071","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05614.x","article-title":"Characterization of a preferred site on human chromosome 19q for integration of adeno-associated virus DNA by non-homologous recombination","volume":"11","author":"Kotin","year":"1992","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3742","article-title":"Engineering adeno-associated viruses for clinical gene therapy","volume":"15","author":"Kotterman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41434-020-00197-8","article-title":"Gene therapy and gene correction: Targets, progress, and challenges for treating human diseases","volume":"29","author":"Cring","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2021.108103","article-title":"Oncolytic ImmunoViroTherapy: A long history of crosstalk between viruses and immune system for cancer treatment","volume":"236","author":"Feola","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2147\/OV.S186337","article-title":"Virus\u2013Receptor Interactions and Virus Neutralization: Insights for Oncolytic Virus Development","volume":"9","author":"Jayawardena","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncolytic Virotherapy"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-018-0168-y","article-title":"Targeting PVR (CD155) and its receptors in anti-tumor therapy","volume":"16","author":"Cinamon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-021-00483-z","article-title":"Using oncolytic viruses to ignite the tumour immune microenvironment in bladder cancer","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2019.11.016","article-title":"Design and application of oncolytic viruses for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"65","author":"Cerullo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-2687","article-title":"Oncolytic vaccinia virus disrupts tumor-associated vasculature in humans","volume":"73","author":"Breitbach","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20181216","article-title":"Type I interferon induces CXCL13 to support ectopic germinal center formation","volume":"216","author":"Denton","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heini\u00f6, C., Clubb, J., Kudling, T., Quixabeira, D., Cervera-Carrascon, V., Havunen, R., Gr\u00f6nberg-V\u00e4h\u00e4-Koskela, S., Santos, J.M., Tapper, J., and Kanerva, A. (2022). Effective combination immunotherapy with oncolytic adenovirus and Anti-PD-1 for treatment of human and murine ovarian cancers. Diseases, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases10030052"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2780","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.58.3377","article-title":"Talimogene laherparepvec improves durable response rate in patients with advanced melanoma","volume":"33","author":"Andtbacka","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3856","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers3043856","article-title":"Cytokines in Cancer Immunotherapy","volume":"3","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e423","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2019-0438","article-title":"Intratumoral immunotherapy\u2014Update 2019","volume":"25","author":"Hamid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.07.035","article-title":"Oncolytic virotherapy promotes intratumoral t cell infiltration and improves Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy","volume":"174","author":"Ribas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.2174\/1568009617666170222123925","article-title":"The Development of Oncolytic Adenovirus Therapy in the Past and Future-For the Case of Pancreatic Cancer","volume":"18","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Cancer Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_96","unstructured":"Shenk, T. (1996). Adenoviridae-the viruses and their replication. Fields Virology, Lippincott-Raven Publishers."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2007.10.010","article-title":"Replicating and non-replicating viral vectors for vaccine development","volume":"18","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4677","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-0776","article-title":"Interleukin-12: Biological properties and clinical application","volume":"13","author":"Bajetta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15006","DOI":"10.1038\/mto.2015.6","article-title":"Preclinical toxicology of oncolytic adenovirus-mediated cytotoxic and interleukin-12 gene therapy for prostate cancer","volume":"2","author":"Freytag","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Ther.\u2013Oncolytics"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2009.9","article-title":"Treatment of pancreatic cancer with an oncolytic adenovirus expressing interleukin-12 in syrian hamsters","volume":"17","author":"Bortolanza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sato-Dahlman, M., LaRocca, C.J., Yanagiba, C., and Yamamoto, M. (2020). Adenovirus and immunotherapy: Advancing cancer treatment by combination. Cancers, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12051295"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2022.102986","article-title":"Engineered Treg cells: The heir to the throne of immunotherapy","volume":"144","author":"Stucchi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-010-0847-8","article-title":"Anti-tumor immunotherapy despite immunity to adenovirus using a novel adenoviral vector Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA","volume":"59","author":"Gabitzsch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Minor, D. (2015). Use of Vaccines to Eradicate Infectious Disease, Els.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470015902.a0026479"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.13228","article-title":"Recent advances in genetic modification of adenovirus vectors for cancer treatment","volume":"108","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2018.08.012","article-title":"Tropism and transduction of oncolytic adenovirus 5 vectors in cancer therapy: Focus on fiber chimerism and mosaicism, hexon and pIX","volume":"257","author":"Stepanenko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaufmann, J.K., and Nettelbeck, D.M. (2016). Engineering Chimeric Adenoviruses: Exploiting Virus Diversity for Improved Vectors, Vaccines, and Oncolytics, in Adenoviral Vectors for Gene Therapy, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-800276-6.00020-6"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6009","DOI":"10.3390\/v7112923","article-title":"Oncolytic adenovirus: Strategies and insights for vector design and immuno-oncolytic applications","volume":"7","author":"Davies","year":"2015","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2013.235","article-title":"Adenovirus-based vaccines for fighting infectious diseases and cancer: Progress in the field","volume":"25","author":"Majhen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2022.06.008","article-title":"Vaccines based on the replication-deficient simian adenoviral vector ChAdOx1: Standardized template with key considerations for a risk\/benefit assessment","volume":"40","author":"Folegatti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2009.122","article-title":"Partial protection against SIV challenge by vaccination of adenovirus and MVA vectors in rhesus monkeys","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5713","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.46463","article-title":"A Tropism-transformed oncolytic adenovirus with dual capsid modifications for enhanced glioblastoma therapy","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3303007","article-title":"Direct selection of targeted adenovirus vectors by random peptide display on the fiber knob","volume":"14","author":"Miura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2020.1711054","article-title":"The potential of adenoviral vaccine vectors with altered antigen presentation capabilities","volume":"19","author":"Neukirch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3093","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.3093","article-title":"Immunotherapeutic treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer using ETBX-011","volume":"32","author":"Gabitzsch","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1038\/cgt.2009.17","article-title":"Optimization of vaccine responses with an E1, E2b and E3-deleted Ad5 vector circumvents pre-existing anti-vector immunity","volume":"16","author":"Osada","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.1556","article-title":"Immunization with type 5 adenovirus recombinant for a tumor antigen in combination with recombinant canarypox virus (alvac) cytokine gene delivery induces destruction of established prostate tumors","volume":"94","author":"Elzey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1038\/cgt.2012.55","article-title":"A non-oncogenic HPV 16 E6\/E7 vaccine enhances treatment of HPV expressing tumors","volume":"19","author":"Wieking","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.02.070","article-title":"Preclinical development of peptide vaccination combined with oncolytic MG1-E6E7 for HPV-associated cancer","volume":"36","author":"Atherton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.2147\/OV.S154494","article-title":"Development and applications of oncolytic Maraba virus vaccines","volume":"7","author":"Pol","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncolytic Virotherapy"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14637","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.35.15_suppl.e14637","article-title":"Phase I study of oncolytic virus (OV) MG1 maraba\/MAGE-A3 (MG1MA3), with and without transgenic MAGE-A3 adenovirus vaccine (AdMA3) in incurable advanced\/metastatic MAGE-A3-expressing solid tumours: CCTG IND.214","volume":"35","author":"Jonker","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1512329","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2018.1512329","article-title":"Preclinical evaluation of a MAGE-A3 vaccination utilizing the oncolytic Maraba virus currently in first-in-human trials","volume":"8","author":"Pol","year":"2019","journal-title":"OncoImmunology"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-018-0458-z","article-title":"Oncolytic virus immunotherapy: Future prospects for oncology","volume":"6","author":"Raja","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cawood, R., Chen, H.H., Carroll, F., Bazan-Peregrino, M., van Rooijen, N., and Seymour, L.W. (2009). Use of tissue-specific MicroRNA to control pathology of wild-type adenovirus without attenuation of its ability to kill cancer cells. PLoS Pathog., 5.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000440"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trivedi, D., Byrne, B.J., and Corti, M. (2023). Evolving Horizons: Adenovirus Vectors\u2019 Timeless Influence on Cancer, Gene Therapy and Vaccines. Viruses, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/v15122378"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.5483\/BMBRep.2020.53.11.185","article-title":"Helper virus-free gutless adenovirus (HF-GLAd): A new platform for gene therapy","volume":"53","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMB Rep."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bandara, R.A., Chen, Z.R., and Hu, J. (2021). Potential of helper-dependent Adenoviral vectors in CRISPR-cas9-mediated lung gene therapy. Cell Biosci., 11.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-021-00662-w"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1006\/mthe.2002.0532","article-title":"Generation of Helper-Dependent Adenoviral Vectors by Homologous Recombination","volume":"5","author":"Toietta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2023.03.008","article-title":"HDAd6\/35++-a new helper-dependent adenovirus vector platform for in vivo transduction of hematopoietic stem cells","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Ther.-Methods Clin. Dev."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosewell, A., and Vetrini, F.N. (2011). Helper-dependent adenoviral vectors. J. Genet. Syndr. Gene Ther., 1\u201334.","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7412.S5-001"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brunetti-Pierri, N., and Ng, P. (2016). Helper-dependent adenoviral vectors. Adenoviral Vectors for Gene Therapy, Springer.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-800276-6.00017-6"}],"container-title":["Viruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4915\/16\/7\/1094\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:11:34Z","timestamp":1760109094000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4915\/16\/7\/1094"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"references-count":131,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["v16071094"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/v16071094","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-4915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1999-4915","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]}}}