{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T19:57:35Z","timestamp":1790625455409,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)","award":["JP16fk0108202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP16fk0108202"]}]},{"name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)","award":["JP17fk0108302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP17fk0108302"]}]},{"name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)","award":["JP20fk0108066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20fk0108066"]}]},{"name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)","award":["JP22fk0108612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22fk0108612"]}]},{"name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)","award":["JP24fk0108710"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24fk0108710"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pigs are the most common amplifying hosts of the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). In 2016, four residents on Tsushima Island who did not own pig farms were diagnosed with JE. Therefore, a serosurvey was conducted to estimate the risk and seroprevalence of JEV after the outbreak. Sera collected from 560 Tsushima Island residents between January and September 2017 were tested for neutralizing antibodies against JEV strains JaGAr01 (genotype 3) and Muar (genotype 5). Sera collected from six wild boars between June and July 2022 were tested. The seroprevalence rates of neutralizing antibodies against JaGAr01 and Muar were 38.8% and 24.6%, respectively. High anti-JEV neutralizing antibody titers of \u2265320 were identified in 16 residents, including 3 younger than 6 years with prior JEV vaccination, 2 in their 40s, and 11 older than 70. However, no anti-JEV-specific IgM was detected. Residents who engaged in outdoor activities had higher anti-JEV antibody titers. Sera from wild boars were negative for JEV RNA, but four of six samples contained neutralizing antibodies against JEV. Therefore, JEV transmission continues on Tsushima Island, even in the absence of pig farms, and wild boars might serve as the amplifying hosts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v16081273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,10]],"date-time":"2024-08-10T06:25:24Z","timestamp":1723271124000},"page":"1273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Role of Wild Boar as Host of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in the Absence of Domestic Pigs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1815-7113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuka","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ai","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"},{"name":"Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Matsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reiko","family":"Shimbashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nagasaki Prefecture Tsushima Hospital, Nagasaki 817-0322, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazunori","family":"Tachibana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nagasaki Prefecture Kamitsushima Hospital, Nagasaki 817-1701, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Mizutani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiko","family":"Tokaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy, Kochi Public Health and Environmental Science Research Institute, Kochi 780-0850, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Yoshikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Nagasaki Prefectural Institute for Environmental Research and Public Health, Nagasaki 856-0026, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoki","family":"Ihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Nagasaki Prefectural Institute for Environmental Research and Public Health, Nagasaki 856-0026, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5919-7520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazunori","family":"Oishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"},{"name":"Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1 Nakataikouyama, Imizu, Toyama 939-0363, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Kamiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5865-0717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoru","family":"Arai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Surveillance, Immunization and Epidemiologic Research, 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