{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:19:59Z","timestamp":1760145599620,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) are the most common viral diseases in Russia. HFRS is caused by six different types of hantaviruses: Hantaan, Amur, Seoul, Puumala, Kurkino, and Sochi, which are transmitted to humans through small mammals of the Muridae and Cricetidae families. TBE is caused by viruses belonging to five different phylogenetic subtypes. The similarities in the ecology of HFRS and TBE pathogens is presented here. Hantavirus-infected small mammals can transmit the virus to uninfected animals, and ticks can also transmit hantavirus to other ticks and mammals. Hantavirus transmission from ticks to humans is possible only hypothetically based on indirect data. Over the past 23 years, 164,582 cases of HFRS (4.9 per 105 people) and 71,579 cases of TBE (2.5 per 105 people) were registered in Russia. The mortality rate was 0.4% (668 cases) in HFRS and 1.6% deaths (1136 cases) in TBE. There were 4030 HFRS (2.5%) and 9414 TBE (13%) cases in children under 14 years old. HFRS and TBE cases were registered in 42 out of 85 Russian regions; in 18\u2014only HFRS, in 13\u2014only TBE, and 12 had no reported cases. The prospects of applying a combined vaccine for HFRS and TBE prevention are shown in this paper.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v16081292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T09:08:10Z","timestamp":1723540090000},"page":"1292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Specificity of Epizootic and Epidemiological Processes in Natural Foci of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome and Tick-Borne Encephalitis in Russia, as the Basis for the Prospects of Creating a Combined Vaccine for the Prevention of These Infections"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Evgeniy","family":"Tkachenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Balkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4896-9369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitriy","family":"Trankvilevsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Moscow 117105, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9934-2582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadezda","family":"Kolyasnikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rostislav","family":"Teodorovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7367-6357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikhail","family":"Vorovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Internal Disease Propaedeutics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yulia","family":"Popova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Svetlana","family":"Kurashova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Egorova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alla","family":"Belyakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Tkachenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Disease Propaedeutics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aydar","family":"Ishmukhametov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Internal Disease Propaedeutics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Dzagurova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2024, April 30). 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