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Grants, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan","award":["21K10414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K10414"]}]},{"name":"Health and Labor Sciences Research Grants, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan","award":["H30-Shinkougyousei-Shitei-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H30-Shinkougyousei-Shitei-002"]}]},{"name":"Health and Labor Sciences Research Grants, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan","award":["H30-Shinkougyousei-Shitei-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H30-Shinkougyousei-Shitei-004"]}]},{"name":"Health and Labor Sciences Research Grants, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan","award":["21HA2003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21HA2003"]}]},{"name":"Niigata Prefecture Coronavirus Infectious Disease Control Research and Human Resources Development Support Fund","award":["15fm0108009h0001\u201321wm0125005h0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15fm0108009h0001\u201321wm0125005h0002"]}]},{"name":"Niigata Prefecture Coronavirus Infectious Disease Control Research and Human Resources Development Support Fund","award":["21K10414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K10414"]}]},{"name":"Niigata Prefecture Coronavirus Infectious Disease Control Research and Human Resources Development Support Fund","award":["H30-Shinkougyousei-Shitei-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H30-Shinkougyousei-Shitei-002"]}]},{"name":"Niigata Prefecture Coronavirus Infectious Disease Control Research and Human Resources Development Support Fund","award":["H30-Shinkougyousei-Shitei-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H30-Shinkougyousei-Shitei-004"]}]},{"name":"Niigata Prefecture Coronavirus Infectious Disease Control Research and Human Resources Development Support Fund","award":["21HA2003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21HA2003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we describe the genetic characteristics of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 strains detected in Myanmar from 2015 to 2019. Whole genomes from 60 A(H1N1)pdm09 virus isolates were amplified using real-time polymerase chain reaction and successfully sequenced using the Illumina iSeq100 platforms. Eight individual phylogenetic trees were retrieved for each segment along with those of the World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended Southern Hemisphere vaccine strains for the respective years. A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses from 2015 were found to belong to clade 6B, those from 2016 to 6B.1, 2017 to 6B.1A, and 2019 to 6B.1A.5a, and were genetically distinct from the Southern Hemisphere vaccine strains for the respective seasons, A\/California\/7\/2009 and A\/Michigan\/45\/2015. We observed one virus with intra-subtype reassortment, collected in the 2015 season. Importantly, three viruses possessed the H275Y substitution in the neuraminidase protein, appearing to be community-acquired without the prior administration of neuraminidase inhibitors. These viruses exhibited highly reduced susceptibility to oseltamivir and peramivir. This study demonstrates the importance of monitoring genetic variations in influenza viruses that will contribute to the selection of global influenza vaccines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v16081300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T03:49:36Z","timestamp":1723693776000},"page":"1300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Whole-Genome Analysis of the Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Viruses Isolated from Influenza-like Illness Outpatients in Myanmar and Community-Acquired Oseltamivir-Resistant Strains Present from 2015 to 2019"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1829-0686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Chon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of International Health (Public Health), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Su Mon Kyaw","family":"Win","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wint Wint","family":"Phyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine, Magway 04012, Myanmar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1554-8226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reiko","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of International Health (Public Health), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yadanar","family":"Kyaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine Department, Thingangyun Sanpya General Hospital, Yangon 110-71, Myanmar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nay Chi","family":"Win","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Di Ja","family":"Lasham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Htay Htay","family":"Tin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medical Technology, Yangon 110-12, Myanmar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teruhime","family":"Otoguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keita","family":"Wagatsuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of International Health (Public Health), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 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