{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T07:45:47Z","timestamp":1784879147066,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq)","award":["465725\/2014-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["465725\/2014-7"]}]},{"name":"National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq)","award":["H2020-347 874850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020-347 874850"]}]},{"name":"Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES)","award":["465725\/2014-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["465725\/2014-7"]}]},{"name":"Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES)","award":["H2020-347 874850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020-347 874850"]}]},{"name":"Financing of Studies and Projects (FINEP)","award":["465725\/2014-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["465725\/2014-7"]}]},{"name":"Financing of Studies and Projects (FINEP)","award":["H2020-347 874850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020-347 874850"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology of Dairy Production Chain (CNPq\/INCT-Leite)","award":["465725\/2014-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["465725\/2014-7"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology of Dairy Production Chain (CNPq\/INCT-Leite)","award":["H2020-347 874850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020-347 874850"]}]},{"name":"EU Horizon 2020","award":["465725\/2014-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["465725\/2014-7"]}]},{"name":"EU Horizon 2020","award":["H2020-347 874850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020-347 874850"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Papillomaviruses (PVs) are oncogenic and infect the skin and mucosa of various host species. Considering the recent advances in research on PVs using rolling circle amplification (RCA) followed by high-throughput sequencing (HTS), in this study, we aimed to investigate the bovine papillomavirus (BPV) types associated with proliferative lesions in the upper alimentary tract of an affected bull and characterize the viral strains through complete genome sequencing using this strategy. We analyzed the PV strains associated with two hyperplastic esophageal lesions through PCR using degenerate primer pairs and RCA, followed by HTS. HTS of the libraries generated using RCA products provided the whole genome sequence of BPV4 present in squamous papilloma, whereas the complete genome sequence of BPV2 and subgenomic fragments of BPV4 were identified in carcinoma in situ (CIS). For the first time, we have sequenced BPV2 identified from the CIS of the bovine upper alimentary canal. Additionally, RCA followed by HTS allowed characterization of the mixed infection by BPV2 and BPV4 in this lesion. These data reveal that BPV4 is not the only BPV type present in CIS of the esophageal mucous membrane; moreover, a mixed infection caused by BPV2 and BPV4 at the tested anatomical site was demonstrated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v16101558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T12:06:32Z","timestamp":1727697992000},"page":"1558","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Molecular Detection by Rolling Circle Amplification Combined with Deep Sequencing of Mixed Infection by Bovine Papillomaviruses 2 and 4 in Carcinoma In Situ of the Bovine Esophageal Mucosa"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Bruna F.","family":"Matias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"},{"name":"Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4763-0187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Lunardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"},{"name":"Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"},{"name":"Post Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production, Department of Agrarian Sciences, University Pitagoras Unopar, Arapongas 86702-670, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K\u00e1tia C. B.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurival A.","family":"Vilas-Boas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4020-3921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Gustani-Buss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Box 1030, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5407-2582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula F. R. L.","family":"Bracarense","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1286-9101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Fernando C. Cunha","family":"Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production, Department of Agrarian Sciences, University Pitagoras Unopar, Arapongas 86702-670, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice F.","family":"Alfieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"},{"name":"Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7024-4487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amauri A.","family":"Alfieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology for Dairy Production Chain (INCT\u2013LEITE), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.06.083","article-title":"The biology and life-cycle of human papillomaviruses","volume":"30","author":"Doorbar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12868","article-title":"Papillomaviruses in ruminants: An update","volume":"65","author":"Daudt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transbound. 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