{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T23:44:54Z","timestamp":1782776694957,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]],"date-time":"2024-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000040","name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["J-002323"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J-002323"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000040","name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N-000212"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N-000212"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000040","name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CFIA 2546 GRDI-SID-P-1903"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CFIA 2546 GRDI-SID-P-1903"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009837","name":"Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["J-002323"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J-002323"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009837","name":"Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N-000212"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N-000212"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009837","name":"Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CFIA 2546 GRDI-SID-P-1903"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CFIA 2546 GRDI-SID-P-1903"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Commercially cultivated Prunus species are commonly grown in adjacent or mixed orchards and can be infected with unique or commonly shared viruses. Apple (Malus domestica), another member of the Rosacea and distantly related to Prunus, can share the same growing regions and common pathogens. Pollen can be a major route for virus transmission, and analysis of the pollen virome in tree fruit orchards can provide insights into these virus pathogen complexes from mixed production sites. Commercial honey bee (Apis mellifera) pollination is essential for improved fruit sets and yields in tree fruit production systems. To better understand the pollen-associated virome in tree fruits, metagenomics-based detection of plant viruses was employed on bee and pollen samples collected at four time points during the peak bloom period of apricot, cherry, peach, and apple trees at one orchard site. Twenty-one unique viruses were detected in samples collected during tree fruit blooms, including prune dwarf virus (PDV) and prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) (Genus Ilarvirus, family Bromoviridae), Secoviridae family members tomato ringspot virus (genus Nepovirus), tobacco ringspot virus (genus Nepovirus), prunus virus F (genus Fabavirus), and Betaflexiviridae family member cherry virus A (CVA; genus Capillovirus). Viruses were also identified in composite leaf and flower samples to compare the pollen virome with the virome associated with vegetative tissues. At all four time points, a greater diversity of viruses was detected in the bee and pollen samples. Finally, the nucleotide sequence diversity of the coat protein regions of CVA, PDV, and PNRSV was profiled from this site, demonstrating a wide range of sequence diversity in pollen samples from this site. These results demonstrate the benefits of area-wide monitoring through bee pollination activities and provide new insights into the diversity of viruses in tree fruit pollination ecosystems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v16101614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]],"date-time":"2024-10-15T08:09:08Z","timestamp":1728979748000},"page":"1614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Viral Diversity in Mixed Tree Fruit Production Systems Determined through Bee-Mediated Pollen Collection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Raj","family":"Vansia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, Vineland Research Station, 4902 Victoria Ave N, Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malek","family":"Smadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, Vineland Research Station, 4902 Victoria Ave N, Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Waterloo University, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Phelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Centre for Plant Health, Sidney Laboratory, 8801 East Saanich Rd, North Saanich, BC V8L 1H3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2233-0652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aiming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, 1391 Sandford St, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1766-229X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillaume J.","family":"Bilodeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa Plant Laboratory, 3851 Fallowfield Rd, Ottawa, ON K2J 4S1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0290-4391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen F.","family":"Pernal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Beaverlodge Research Farm, P.O. Box 29, Beaverlodge, AB T0H 0C0, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4638-9475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Marta","family":"Guarna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Beaverlodge Research Farm, P.O. Box 29, Beaverlodge, AB T0H 0C0, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Rott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Centre for Plant Health, Sidney Laboratory, 8801 East Saanich Rd, North Saanich, BC V8L 1H3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4512-7374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan S.","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, Vineland Research Station, 4902 Victoria Ave N, Vineland Station, ON L0R 2E0, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7519687","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7519687","article-title":"Insight on Rosacea family with genome sequencing and functional genomics perspective","volume":"2019","author":"Soundararajan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. 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