{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:07:37Z","timestamp":1791230857217,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,30]],"date-time":"2024-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["10965164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10965164"]}]},{"name":"National Research Cardiac Surgery Center","award":["10965164"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10965164"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: During the acute phase of COVID-19, a number of immunological abnormalities have been reported, but few studies longitudinally analyzed the specific subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Methods: In this observational, prospective, and longitudinal study, adult patients developing acute pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic have been followed up for 12 months. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were assessed (with a specific focus on the memory markers) at 6 time points after the disease onset until 12 months. Results: A total of 76 patients with acute pneumonia (characterized by a prevalently interstitial pattern of lung inflammation) at the hospital admission (who completed the 12-month follow-up period) were recruited in this study. They were divided into two groups, namely positive (n = 31) and negative (n = 45) patients for the SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. In the acute phase, the general lymphocyte immunophenotyping profile was comparable for most parameters between these groups, except for B cells. When B and T cells were analyzed according to the expression of memory markers, a significant decrease in na\u00efve CD8+ T cells was observed in the SARS-CoV-2-positive pneumonia group during the acute phase. Notably, this aspect was maintained during the follow-up period for at least 9 months. Conclusions: COVID-19 pneumonia seems to be associated with a lower number of na\u00efve CD8+ T cells compared to pneumonia patients negative for this virus. This alteration can persist in the convalescent phase.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17010041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T13:26:25Z","timestamp":1735651585000},"page":"41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prospective and Longitudinal Analysis of Lymphocyte Subpopulations in SARS-CoV-2 Positive and Negative Pneumonia: Potential Role of Decreased Na\u00efve CD8+ in COVID-19 Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Makhabbat","family":"Bekbossynova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5602-6136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyudmila","family":"Akhmaltdinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1834-1909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kuanysh","family":"Dossybayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ainur","family":"Tauekelova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zauresh","family":"Smagulova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Epidemiology, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatyana","family":"Tsechoeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Epidemiology, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gulsimzhan","family":"Turebayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Epidemiology, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aliya","family":"Sailybayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanar","family":"Kalila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takhmina","family":"Mirashirova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timur","family":"Muratov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health of Astana, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6431-9334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitri","family":"Poddighe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"University Medical Center (UMC), Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Gia Lam District, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO COVID-19 Dashboard (2024, January 03). 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