{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:23:24Z","timestamp":1790267004686,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2021-125599OB-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021-125599OB-100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FPI PRE2022-101808"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPI PRE2022-101808"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RYC2019-027244-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RYC2019-027244-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CERCA program\/Generalitat de Catalunya","award":["PID2021-125599OB-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2021-125599OB-100"]}]},{"name":"CERCA program\/Generalitat de Catalunya","award":["FPI PRE2022-101808"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPI PRE2022-101808"]}]},{"name":"CERCA program\/Generalitat de Catalunya","award":["RYC2019-027244-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RYC2019-027244-I"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>For a better understanding of classical swine fever (CSF) pathogenesis, a transcriptomic analysis was performed using porcine bone marrow (BM)-derived antigen-presenting cells (APCs) infected ex vivo with two different cDNA-derived classical swine fever virus (CSFV) strains, the low-virulence Pinar de Rio (vPdR-36U) or the lethal vPdR-H30K-5U. The transcriptomic profile of vPdR-36U- or vPdR-H30K-5U-infected versus noninfected cells revealed 946 and 2643 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. The upregulation of ISG15, CXCL-10, ADAM8, and CSF1 was found after infection with vPdR-36U, which could contribute to the generation of mild CSF forms. In contrast, cells infected with the lethal vPdR-H30K-5U overexpressed the immune checkpoint molecules PD-L1, CD276, and LAG3, which are involved in T-cell exhaustion and could be associated with adaptive immunity impairment. vPdR-H30K-5U also induced increased expression of PPBP, IL-8, IL-6, ECE1, and Rab27b, which are mediators of inflammatory responses that can be involved in cytokine storms. The TNF signaling pathway, which is related to the activation and proliferation of different subsets of immune cells, including CD4+ T cells, was notably upregulated in response to the low-pathogenicity virus. The Th17, Th1, and Th2 differentiation pathways were downregulated by the highly pathogenic virus only, supporting the role of T-cell-mediated immunity in protecting against CSFV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17020160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T04:32:22Z","timestamp":1737693142000},"page":"160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Gene Expression Signatures of Porcine Bone Marrow-Derived Antigen-Presenting Cells Infected with Classical Swine Fever Virus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4278-0589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liani","family":"Coronado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Unitat Mixta d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Classical Swine Fever World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) Reference Laboratory for, IRTA-CReSA, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Unitat Mixta d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Classical Swine Fever World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) Reference Laboratory for, IRTA-CReSA, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6715-1757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Alejandro","family":"Boh\u00f3rquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Unitat Mixta d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Classical Swine Fever World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) Reference Laboratory for, IRTA-CReSA, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7161-4241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Aguilera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Unitat Mixta d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Classical Swine Fever World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) Reference Laboratory for, IRTA-CReSA, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA), Bogot\u00e1 110911, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f2nica","family":"Alberch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Unitat Mixta d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Classical Swine Fever World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) Reference Laboratory for, IRTA-CReSA, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Unitat Mixta d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Classical Swine Fever World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) Reference Laboratory for, IRTA-CReSA, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7679-6290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Ruggli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Virology, Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), 3147 Mittelh\u00e4usern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuliaxis","family":"Ramayo-Caldas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8644-3560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Llilianne","family":"Ganges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Unitat Mixta d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre 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