{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T18:16:57Z","timestamp":1778437017230,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Brazilian agency Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Brazilian agency Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES)","award":["FAPEMIG\u2014APQ-00251-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAPEMIG\u2014APQ-00251-21"]}]},{"name":"Brazilian agency Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (CAPES)","award":["BIP-00058-24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BIP-00058-24"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","award":["FAPEMIG\u2014APQ-00251-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAPEMIG\u2014APQ-00251-21"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","award":["BIP-00058-24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BIP-00058-24"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The first infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), occurred in December 2019. Within a single month, the disease reached other countries, spreading in a rapid and generalized manner worldwide to cause the COVID-19 pandemic. In Brazil, the number of COVID-19 cases surpassed 38 million. This study was conducted to produce antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and investigate the immunogenic potential of synthetic peptides containing partial sequences of the main proteins (spike, membrane, and nucleocapsid proteins). In addition, we evaluated the ability of the antibodies to impair the interaction between the spike S1 protein and human ACE-2 protein, which is the main route of entry of the virus into host cells. By immunizing horses with synthetic peptides, we obtained hyperimmune sera with specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, which were fragmented to release the F(ab\u2019)2 portion that binds to the different SARS-CoV-2 proteins as a recombinant S1-protein and proteins from a viral lysate. The other F(ab\u2019)2 samples also impaired the interaction between S1 protein and ACE-2 proteins, showing high potential to prevent viral spreading.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17020165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T09:40:39Z","timestamp":1737711639000},"page":"165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Immunogenic Potential of Selected Peptides from SARS-CoV-2 Proteins and Their Ability to Block S1\/ACE-2 Binding"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8475-2167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara Cristina","family":"da Silva Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisa Pel\u00e9 Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe, Curitiba 80035-000, PR, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdades Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe, Curitiba 80230-020, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3624-929X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thiago Demetrius","family":"Woiski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisa Pel\u00e9 Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe, Curitiba 80035-000, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1532-2304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana Ferreira","family":"de Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Patologia B\u00e1sica, Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1, Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0475-3654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Rosati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisa Pel\u00e9 Pequeno Pr\u00edncipe, Curitiba 80035-000, PR, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdades Pequeno 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Cezar","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Produ\u00e7\u00e3o e Pesquisa de Imunobiol\u00f3gicos, Piraquara 83302-200, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio","family":"Caldas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6042-6439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myrian Morato","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maur\u00edcio Abreu","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias, Belo 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