{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T14:52:52Z","timestamp":1782485572152,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the European Union\u2014Next Generation EU, National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR)","award":["P2022WXE4T"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2022WXE4T"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is an alphacoronavirus (\u03b1CoV) that causes moderate or chronic asymptomatic infection in cats. However, in a single infected cat, FCoV can modify its cellular tropism by acquiring the ability to infect macrophages, resulting in the development of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). In this context, to restrain the impact of FCoV infection, scientific research has focused attention on the development of antiviral therapies involving novel mechanisms of action. Recent studies have demonstrated that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling regulates the host response to different human and animal CoVs. Hence, the mechanism of action of AhR was evaluated upon FCoV infection in Crandell Feline Kidney (CRFK) and in canine fibrosarcoma (A72) cells. Following infection with feline enteric CoV (FECV), strain \u201cM\u00fcnchen\u201d, a significant activation of AhR and of its target CYP1A1, was observed. The selective AhR antagonist CH223191 provoked a reduction in FCoV replication and in the levels of viral nucleocapsid protein (NP). Furthermore, the effect of the AhR inhibitor on the acidity of lysosomes in infected cells was observed. Our findings indicate that FCoV acts on viral replication that upregulates AhR. CH223191 repressed virus yield through the inhibition of AhR. In this respect, for counteracting FCoV, AhR represents a new target useful for identifying antiviral drugs. Moreover, in the presence of CH223191, the alkalinization of lysosomes in FCoV-infected CRFK cells was detected, outlining their involvement in antiviral activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17020227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T06:30:29Z","timestamp":1738823429000},"page":"227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["In Vitro Evaluation of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Involvement in Feline Coronavirus Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Luca","family":"Del Sorbo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, 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Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8318-3065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Michela","family":"Salvatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4293-4155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico del Mezzogiorno, 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8663-7445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Grazia","family":"Amoroso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico del 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7305-5630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgia","family":"Diakoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1576-6290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Galdiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3139-7672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanna","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico del Mezzogiorno, 80055 Portici, 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6658-7807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filomena","family":"Fiorito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"BAT Center-Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985820980842","article-title":"Naturally occurring animal coronaviruses as models for studying highly pathogenic human coronaviral disease","volume":"58","author":"Kenney","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. 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