{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T22:31:45Z","timestamp":1784932305170,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health","award":["R61HD105613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R61HD105613"]}]},{"name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health","award":["R33HD105613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R33HD105613"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of new point-of-care diagnostic testing tools for the detection of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 are a key aspect of clinical care and research. Accurate predictive classification methods are required to correctly identify and treat patients. Here, the onset of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a more serious form of COVID-19, was predicted in a pediatric population using a set of multivariate immunological biomarker expression values. A first-stage bivariate detection of statistically significant biomarkers was obtained from a chosen set of standard cytokines and chemokine biomarkers considered relevant to COVID-19-related infection and disease. To incorporate the observed correlation structure among the resulting set of significant biomarkers, dimension reduction was then applied in the form of principal components. A second-stage logistic regression model using a small number of the principal component variables provided a highly predictive classification model for MIS-C. The resulting model was shown to compare favorably with an artificial neural network-based predictive model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17030297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T03:47:46Z","timestamp":1740109666000},"page":"297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Detection of COVID-19-Related Multivariate Biomarker Immune Response in Pediatric Patients: Statistical Aspects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3276-9071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Brimacombe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Connecticut Children\u2019s Medical Center, Hartford, CT 06106, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aishwarya","family":"Jadhav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8940-9640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A.","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Integrated Health Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle","family":"Carson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Integrated Health Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2883-0391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William T.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12208, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Integrated Health Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander H.","family":"Hogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Connecticut Children\u2019s Medical Center, Hartford, CT 06106, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8280-7227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine W.","family":"Herbst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Connecticut Children\u2019s Medical Center, Hartford, CT 06106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0085-5394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael A.","family":"Lynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan C.","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Connecticut Children\u2019s Medical Center, Hartford, CT 06106, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e072280","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-072280","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in children and adolescents with COVID-19: A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Wiedenmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2024, December 15). 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