{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T00:57:16Z","timestamp":1760057836416,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)","award":["17\/23205-8","21\/11944-6","403075\/2023-8","305111\/2022-1","2022\/10278-5","31125\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17\/23205-8","21\/11944-6","403075\/2023-8","305111\/2022-1","2022\/10278-5","31125\/2021"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPq)","award":["17\/23205-8","21\/11944-6","403075\/2023-8","305111\/2022-1","2022\/10278-5","31125\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17\/23205-8","21\/11944-6","403075\/2023-8","305111\/2022-1","2022\/10278-5","31125\/2021"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Butantan. Svetoslav Nanev Slavov receives a productivity scholarship","award":["17\/23205-8","21\/11944-6","403075\/2023-8","305111\/2022-1","2022\/10278-5","31125\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17\/23205-8","21\/11944-6","403075\/2023-8","305111\/2022-1","2022\/10278-5","31125\/2021"]}]},{"name":"Anielly Sarana da Silva received FAPESP scholarship","award":["17\/23205-8","21\/11944-6","403075\/2023-8","305111\/2022-1","2022\/10278-5","31125\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17\/23205-8","21\/11944-6","403075\/2023-8","305111\/2022-1","2022\/10278-5","31125\/2021"]}]},{"name":"Maria Carolina Elias received CNPq","award":["17\/23205-8","21\/11944-6","403075\/2023-8","305111\/2022-1","2022\/10278-5","31125\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17\/23205-8","21\/11944-6","403075\/2023-8","305111\/2022-1","2022\/10278-5","31125\/2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Febrile neutropenia (FN) is one of the most common complications in pediatric oncology patients. It has a complex etiologic nature, which in the majority of cases remains unclear. Intervention often follows empirical treatment protocols, mainly using broad-spectrum antibiotics. To evaluate potential viral etiologic agents, this study applied viral metagenomics to paired plasma and oropharyngeal samples obtained from pediatric patients with oncological diseases diagnosed with FN. Metagenomic sequencing was performed on 15 pediatric patients with oncological diseases and FN at the outpatient clinic of Pediatric Oncology at the University Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo. As a control group, we included 15 pediatric patients with oncological diseases in remission or undergoing treatment. Clinically relevant viruses identified by metagenomics in FN patients predominantly included herpesviruses and viruses found in the respiratory tract, like adenoviruses. Direct molecular confirmation was performed on all of them. Anelloviruses, represented by various genera and species in all groups, were also highly prevalent. The data obtained in this study show that viruses might also have possible implications for the etiology of FN. However, due to the complex nature of this disease, more studies are necessary to evaluate their causal relationship. The results obtained in our study may serve to improve patient treatment and ensure adequate management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17030345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T06:45:42Z","timestamp":1740725142000},"page":"345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Utilizing Viral Metagenomics to Characterize Pathogenic and Commensal Viruses in Pediatric Patients with Febrile Neutropenia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Anielly","family":"Sarana da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Center of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14051-140, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5181-415X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel Montenegro","family":"de Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Center of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14051-140, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Marengone","family":"Altizani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Puericulture and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14049-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"En\u00e9as","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice Chagas","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Laboratory, University Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine in Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-030, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Cella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1487-0141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Kashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Center of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14051-140, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra Coccuzzo","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0501-8280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Carolina","family":"Elias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5849-7326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Giovanetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Development and One Health, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Instituto Rene Rachou, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6618-789X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Alberto","family":"Scrideli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Puericulture and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14049-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0805-6140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svetoslav Nanev","family":"Slavov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-001, Brazil"},{"name":"Center for Viral Surveillance and Serological Evaluation (CeVIVas), Butantan Institute, Avenida Vital Brasil 1500, S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"v252","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdq196","article-title":"Management of febrile neutropenia: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"21","author":"Gill","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. 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