{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:04:53Z","timestamp":1760058293002,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic hepatitis B is linked with considerable liver-related morbidity and mortality globally. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms affect the susceptibility and outcome of many immune-mediated diseases and infections. Our aim was to study the impact of HLA alleles on HVB-infected individuals in a Greek population. In total, 107 patients with chronic HBV infection (cHBV group) and 101 with spontaneous clearance (SC-group) of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were genotyped for HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DRB1, and HLA-DQB1 loci by single-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP). The HLA alleles\u2019 frequencies were compared between the two patient groups and healthy individuals from the North Greece Bone Marrow Donor Registry (14506 samples). We found a significantly increased frequency of HLA-C*01 and HLA-DRB1*16 alleles in the cHBV group versus the SC-group. The frequency of HLA-A*01, HLA-B*08, HLA-C*01, HLA-C*08, HLA-DRB1*03, and HLA-DQB1*05 alleles was significantly higher in cHBV patients versus healthy individuals, while the frequency of the HLA-B*38 allele was significantly lower. Our study showed an association of specific HLA alleles with either susceptibility or protection against chronic HBV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17040462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T13:48:20Z","timestamp":1742824100000},"page":"462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection and HLA Variations in a Greek Population"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Evangelia","family":"Myserli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Goulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asimina","family":"Fylaktou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center, Immunology Department, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4052-8550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Exindari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fani","family":"Minti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Chatzika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center, Immunology Department, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Iliopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center, Immunology Department, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Polyxeni","family":"Agorastou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5190-0154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioanna","family":"Papagiouvanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9077-4960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodora","family":"Oikonomou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Gioula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01468-4","article-title":"Hepatitis B","volume":"401","author":"Jeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.3795","article-title":"Chronic Hepatitis B Infection: A Review","volume":"319","author":"Tang","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Qahtani, A.A., Al-Anazi, M.R., Abdo, A.A., Sanai, F.M., Al-Hamoudi, W., Alswat, K.A., Al-Ashgar, H.I., Khalaf, N.Z., Eldali, A.M., and Viswan, N.A. 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