{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:03:13Z","timestamp":1760058193214,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Open-end Research Fundation of Beijing Key Laboratory","award":["BZ0063-202403","2022YFE0102400","2022-1G-4231","CYSF2206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BZ0063-202403","2022YFE0102400","2022-1G-4231","CYSF2206"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["BZ0063-202403","2022YFE0102400","2022-1G-4231","CYSF2206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BZ0063-202403","2022YFE0102400","2022-1G-4231","CYSF2206"]}]},{"name":"Special Scientiffc Research Project for Capital Health Development","award":["BZ0063-202403","2022YFE0102400","2022-1G-4231","CYSF2206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BZ0063-202403","2022YFE0102400","2022-1G-4231","CYSF2206"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang District Science and Technology Project","award":["BZ0063-202403","2022YFE0102400","2022-1G-4231","CYSF2206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BZ0063-202403","2022YFE0102400","2022-1G-4231","CYSF2206"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>At present, there is no research that classifies the epidemic intensity of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) caused by Norovirus (NoV) GII combined cases and environmental surveillance data at the same time. With reference to the experience of the epidemiological-level classification of infectious disease and the actual epidemiological status of NoV AGE in Chaoyang District, Beijing, China, the epidemic intensity of NoV GII was divided into five grades with increasing intensity from grade 1 to grade 5, which corresponds to non-epidemic risk, general risk, moderate risk, high risk, and ultra-high risk, respectively. If the synthetic index of two consecutive monitoring weeks in the epidemic season of 2023\u20132024 exceeds a certain threshold, an early warning for the corresponding epidemic intensity will be issued and recommendations on the corresponding control measures will be given. This study established and quantified the criteria for the epidemic intensity of AGE caused by NoV GII based on case surveillance data and environmental surveillance data. It provides a reference for other methods to carry out relevant studies in the future. However, mathematical models cannot completely replace skilled experience. Therefore, when making decisions with early warning models in practice, it is necessary to refer to the opinions of professional and experienced experts to avoid the bias of the early warning model from affecting strategy judgment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17040473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T06:58:43Z","timestamp":1742972323000},"page":"473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Initial Establishment of Warning Model for Epidemic Intensity of Norovirus GII Associated with Acute Gastroenteritis in Beijing Based on Synthetic Index Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7216-8852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taoli","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiyao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Jiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianhong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuankuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ru","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingmei","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengnan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beibei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tongyue","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lingli","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Chaoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lopman, B.A., Steele, D., Kirkwood, C.D., and Parashar, U.D. 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