{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T15:34:00Z","timestamp":1782747240876,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil (FAPESP)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\/08527-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\/08527-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil (FAPESP)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/Z504361\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/Z504361\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ukri mrc","award":["2020\/08527-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\/08527-1"]}]},{"name":"Ukri mrc","award":["MR\/Z504361\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/Z504361\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a high-risk pathogen in immunocompromised individuals, especially in transplant recipients. HCMV viremia must be monitored, and frequently, patients are treated with antiviral agents. HCMV has a variety of strategies to modulate host antiviral responses, and one important player is a viral homolog of the cellular interleukin-10 (cIL-10). The viral UL111A gene produces several HCMV IL-10 transcripts and protein isoforms through alternative splicing. The cmvIL-10 (isoform A) has similar properties to cIL-10, while LAcmvIL-10 (isoform B) has more restricted biological properties. Other isoforms are produced (C to H) but have unknown functions. Here, we investigated the expression of the most abundant transcripts, cmvIL-10 and LAcmvIL-10, in productively and latently infected cells and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from renal transplant recipients up to 60 days post-transplantation. This study investigated HCMV cmvIL-10 and LAcmvIL-10 transcription profiles in vitro, in productive and latent infection, and in vivo, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of renal transplant patients. In vitro, both cmvIL-10 and LAcmvIL-10 transcripts were detected in both types at high levels and low levels in MRC-5 and latent infected (CD14+). When PBMCs from transplant patients were analyzed, LAcmvIL-10 was detected mostly sporadically and in only a few patients, while cmvIL-10 was found in all patients at all time points. Furthermore, it was observed in PBMCs that expression of cmvIL-10 was positively associated with an increase in viral DNA detection in the subsequently collected sample, indicating that expression of cmvIL-10 might precede viral DNA replication. These results contribute to the understanding of HCMV biology in different phases of infection. In addition, our initial analysis suggests that monitoring cmvIL-10, along with viral DNA, could improve early detection of HCMV reactivation in transplant recipients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17040501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T05:21:04Z","timestamp":1743398464000},"page":"501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Expression Profile of Human Cytomegalovirus UL111A cmvIL-10 and LAcmvIL-10 Transcripts in Primary Cells and Cells from Renal Transplant Recipients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Giovana W. C.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo 09606-070, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4778-459X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martha T.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo 09606-070, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella G. L.","family":"Martines","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo 09606-070, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliano C.","family":"Fiori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo 09606-070, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7115-407X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael M.","family":"Nevels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8882-6701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian J.","family":"Groves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2616-9571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Sinclair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0750-7360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Medina-Pestana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital do Rim, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Ramos, Vila Clementino 04038-002, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Vila Clementino 04021-001, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rayra Sampaio","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital do Rim, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Ramos, Vila Clementino 04038-002, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4814-4452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital do Rim, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Ramos, Vila Clementino 04038-002, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8751-9048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucio","family":"Requi\u00e3o-Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital do Rim, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Ramos, Vila Clementino 04038-002, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo, Vila Clementino 04021-001, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3904-6121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Poole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4081-8272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria C. Carlan da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), S\u00e3o Bernardo do Campo 09606-070, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4437","article-title":"The Pathogenesis of Human Cytomegalovirus","volume":"235","author":"Griffiths","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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