{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T17:58:16Z","timestamp":1791655096170,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chumakov FSC R&amp;D IBP RAS (Institute of Poliomyelitis) fundamental research assignment","award":["424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["424"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is the result of acute, zoonotic, natural foci hantavirus infections. It has serious social and medical importance due to its widespread distribution and the disease\u2019s severity. There is a lack of effective etiotropic therapy and specific prophylaxis available. The aim of this review is to observe the etiological, clinical, and epidemiological features of nosologic HFRS forms in Russia, as well as differences and similarities with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). The various clinical HFRS manifestations characterized diseases associated with Puumala, Kurkino, and Sochi hantaviruses in the Russian European part, and with Hantaan, Amur, and Seoul hantaviruses in the Russian Far East. Differences were observed for HFRS foci types based on biological characteristics and natural host population dynamics. As a result of clinical and epidemiological analysis six nosological forms were established, all of which were classified as \u201chemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome\u201d according to the WHO\u2019s expert recommendation from 1983 year. The study showed comparable taxonomic characteristics and determined the mechanism of human infection course for HFRS and HPS. The accumulated knowledge of this study allows for the combination of HFRS and HPS names into a common logical disease name \u201cHantavirus fever\u201d.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17040578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T06:53:46Z","timestamp":1744872826000},"page":"578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Clinical Manifestations of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome, Various Nosologic Forms and Issues of Hantavirus Infections Terminology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Evgeniy","family":"Tkachenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Dzagurova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guzel","family":"Galieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty Therapy, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Ivanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Pacific State Medical University (PSMU), Vladivostok 690990, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svetlana","family":"Kurashova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Tkachenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Disease Propaedeutics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Balkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4896-9369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitriy","family":"Trankvilevsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiological Surveillance, Federal Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Moscow 117105, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aydar","family":"Ishmukhametov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow 108819, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Internal Disease Propaedeutics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/137.3.298","article-title":"Isolation of the etiologic agent of Korean hemorrhagic fever","volume":"137","author":"Lee","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. 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