{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:15:44Z","timestamp":1760058944035,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection during pregnancy is a leading cause of congenital infections worldwide, posing significant risks to fetal health. Despite advances in prenatal care, managing HCMV infection remains challenging. Early detection, accurate risk assessment, and timely intervention are critical to mitigating the adverse outcomes associated with congenital HCMV (cHCMV), such as neurodevelopmental delays and hearing loss. However, the current landscape of biomarkers for HCMV infection in pregnancy is marked by several unmet needs. These gaps in biomarker development and application limit our ability to predict fetal transmission, assess the risk of fetal damage, and prognosticate long-term outcomes. Addressing these challenges through the identification and validation of novel biomarkers could revolutionize the management of HCMV in pregnancy, leading to improved outcomes for both mothers and their children. This review examines the critical unmet needs regarding HCMV biomarkers during pregnancy, emphasizing the priority areas for further research and innovation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17050705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T12:22:17Z","timestamp":1747225337000},"page":"705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Emerging Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers for Human Cytomegalovirus Infection During Pregnancy: Unmet Needs and Future Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5441-1727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvatore","family":"Rotundo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Unit, \u201cSan Giovanni di Dio\u201d Hospital, 88900 Crotone, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Tassone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosaria","family":"Lionello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, \u201cRenato Dulbecco\u201d Teaching Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3949-4293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, \u201cRenato Dulbecco\u201d Teaching Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5555-3732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Serapide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, \u201cRenato Dulbecco\u201d Teaching Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3846-4620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Disease Unit, \u201cRenato Dulbecco\u201d Teaching Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piu069","article-title":"Mother-to-Child Transmission of Cytomegalovirus and Prevention of Congenital Infection","volume":"3","author":"Pass","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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