{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T09:43:45Z","timestamp":1790934225648,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Innovation Fund for Competitiveness FIC-R 2017","award":["30488811-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30488811-0"]}]},{"name":"Innovation Fund for Competitiveness FIC-R 2017","award":["ICN2021_045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICN2021_045"]}]},{"name":"Innovation Fund for Competitiveness FIC-R 2017","award":["FOVI240251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOVI240251"]}]},{"name":"Millennium Institute in Immunology and Immunotherapy","award":["30488811-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30488811-0"]}]},{"name":"Millennium Institute in Immunology and Immunotherapy","award":["ICN2021_045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICN2021_045"]}]},{"name":"Millennium Institute in Immunology and Immunotherapy","award":["FOVI240251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOVI240251"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012655","name":"International Linking for Research Institutions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["30488811-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30488811-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012655","name":"International Linking for Research Institutions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ICN2021_045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICN2021_045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012655","name":"International Linking for Research Institutions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FOVI240251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOVI240251"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Viruses"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) has one of the highest rates of morbidity and mortality among children under five years old worldwide. It is estimated that 1.7 billion cases of childhood diarrheal diseases occur annually, leading to up to 443,832 deaths. Approximately 90% of these cases are viral, with human norovirus being the main cause in countries that have implemented rotavirus vaccines. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence and genetic diversity of norovirus in child outpatients and inpatients under five years old at the Regional Hospital of Antofagasta. From 1 January to 31 October 2019, a total of 121 stool samples were collected to detect the presence of norovirus GI and GII using Taqman\u2122-based real-time RT-PCR. Norovirus RNA was detected in 50 (41.3%) samples, of which 96% were typed as GII.4 Sydney (42% GII.4 Sydney[P16] and 54% GII.4 Sydney[P4 New Orleans]). Furthermore, most (92%) of the positive specimens were from children under two years of age and a majority were detected in April (38%) and May (20%). Our findings highlight the high burden of norovirus in hospitalized children with AGE and the importance of molecular strain surveillance to support vaccine development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17060794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T12:27:09Z","timestamp":1748867229000},"page":"794","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["High Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Human Norovirus Among Children Under 5 Years Old with Acute Gastroenteritis at the Dr. Leonardo Guzm\u00e1n Regional Hospital, Antofagasta, Chile, 2019"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Andrea M.","family":"Avellaneda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Biological Resources, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Santo Tom\u00e1s University, Antofagasta 1243161, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia P.","family":"Campillay-V\u00e9liz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Biological Resources, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070386, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela C.","family":"Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Biological Resources, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5537-0109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health, Santo Tom\u00e1s University, La Serena 1700000, Chile"},{"name":"Clinic Laboratory, Dr. Leonardo Guzm\u00e1n Regional Hospital, Antofagasta 1240835, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3959-1269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian A.","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center in Immunology and Biomedical Biotechnology of Antofagasta (CIIBBA), University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile"},{"name":"Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Biological Resources, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1530-3675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Vinj\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarita K.","family":"Lay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Biological Resources, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile"},{"name":"Research Center in Immunology and Biomedical Biotechnology of Antofagasta (CIIBBA), University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile"},{"name":"Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Biological Resources, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2025, March 28). 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