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Monitoring viruses from wildlife hosts enables the prevention and control of epizootic events and outbreaks. Seven samples from three marsupials and two rodents were screened by high-throughput sequencing for virome analysis. The three samples from the two Proechimys roberti rodents, one from the liver, one from the brain, and one from a pooled viscera sample, showed the highest results in terms of viral abundance and richness. From these we obtained two strains of a new rodent hepacivirus (RHV), which belongs to a new putative genotype of an unclassified RHV species previously described in Panama and Northeast Brazil. The findings expand the host range of the cited RHV species, imply virus circulation in the study area, and suggest a viral tropism in the liver and perhaps in the brain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17060830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T08:22:34Z","timestamp":1749457354000},"page":"830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Discovery of a Rodent Hepacivirus in the Brazilian Amazon"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Nelielma G. Oliveira","family":"Prestes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3676-2288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo H. 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Bezerra","family":"da Paz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil"},{"name":"Parasite Biology in the Amazon Region Graduate Program, Par\u00e1 State University, Bel\u00e9m 66087-670, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andressa O.","family":"Arag\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic and Systems Biology Center, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9044-7599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno C. Veloso","family":"de Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade Vale dos Caraj\u00e1s, Parauapebas 68515-000, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5767-4765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo J. P. S.","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geoprocessing Laboratory, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rommel T. J.","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic and Systems Biology Center, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8578-9984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00edvia Medeiros Neves","family":"Casseb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7185-4538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandro Patroca","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6603-5527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Fernando da Costa","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil"},{"name":"Parasite Biology in the Amazon Region Graduate Program, Par\u00e1 State University, Bel\u00e9m 66087-670, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4607-9346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Cec\u00edlia Ribeiro","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil"},{"name":"Parasite Biology in the Amazon Region Graduate Program, Par\u00e1 State University, Bel\u00e9m 66087-670, PA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06536","article-title":"Global Trends in Emerging Infectious Diseases","volume":"451","author":"Jones","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22975","article-title":"Host and viral traits predict zoonotic spillover from mammals","volume":"546","author":"Olival","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, Y., Hou, Y., Li, Q., Dian, Z., Wang, B., and Xia, X. 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