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Although arboviral manifestations mainly determine the onset of generalized symptoms, distinct clinical signs have been assessed, depending on the particular arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) involved in the infectious process. A number of arboviruses cause neuroinvasive diseases in vertebrate hosts, with acute to chronic outcomes. Long-term neurological sequelae can include cognitive dysfunction and Parkinsonism. To increase knowledge of host interactions with arboviruses, in-depth investigations are needed to highlight how arboviruses exploit a host cell for efficient infection and clarify the molecular alterations underlying human brain diseases. This review focuses on the involvement of host cytoskeletal networks and associated signalling pathways in modulating the neurotropism of emerging arboviruses. A better understanding at the molecular level of the potential for emerging infectious diseases is fundamental for prevention and outbreak control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/v17070908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T07:55:43Z","timestamp":1751442943000},"page":"908","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Emerging Arthropod-Borne Viruses Hijack the Host Cell Cytoskeleton During Neuroinvasion"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0493-2353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flora","family":"De Conto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2024.100915","article-title":"A Review of Risk Factors at the Human-Animal-Environmental Interface of Garbage Dumps That Are Driving Current and Emerging Zoonotic Diseases","volume":"19","author":"Sangkachai","year":"2024","journal-title":"One Health"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gebreyes, W.A., Dupouy-Camet, J., Newport, M.J., Oliveira, C.J.B., Schlesinger, L.S., Saif, Y.M., Kariuki, S., Saif, L.J., Saville, W., and Wittum, T. 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